|
MAKALELER
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries and J. K. Pataky, 1992.
Effects of temperature, plant age, inoculum concentration, and cultivar on
the incubation period and severity of
bacterial
canker
of
tomato.
Plant Disease 76: 1150-1155.
Chang,
R. J., S. M. Ries, and J. K. Pataky, 1992. Local sources of
Clavibacter michiganense
subsp.
michiganense in the development of
bacterial canker on
tomatoes. Phytopathology 82: 553-560.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries, and J. K. Pataky, 1992.
Reductions in yield of
processing tomatoes and incidence of
bacterial canker. Plant Disease 76: 805-809.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries, and J. K. Pataky, 1991.
Dissemination of
Clavibacter michiganense
subsp. michiganense by
practices used to produce tomato transplants. Phytopathology 81:1276-1281.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries, and J. K. Pataky, 1993.
Bacterial canker
of
tomato. Pg. 57-59, In: Proc. 1993 Ohio Fruit and
Vegetable Growers Congress. Ohio AES, Piketon Center Misc. Publ. 93-1.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries, and J. K. Pataky, 1990.
Bacterial canker
of
tomato. Trans. Ill. State Hort. Soc. 124: 67-70.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries, and J. K. Pataky, 1989. Evaluation of
tomato cultivars for reactions to
bacterial canker in Illinois. Pg. 204-209, in:
Midwest Vegetable Variety Trial Report for 1989, Purdue University, AES
Station Bull. No. 577.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries, J.
K. Pataky, and D. A. Emmatty, 1988. Research on
bacterial canker
of
tomato. Proc. Bacterial Canker Workshop, Ontario,
Canada, Dec. 8-9, 1988.
Chang, R. J., S. M. Ries,
and J. K. Pataky, 1989. Epidemiology and spread of
Clavibacter michiganensis
subsp.
michiganensis on
tomato.
Phytopathology 79:1168.
M., Munnik, T. and Govers, F., 2002.
Phospholipase D in Phytophthora infestans and
its role in zoospore encystment. Molecular Plant Micobe Interactions 15:
939-946.
Laxalt, A.M., Latijnhouwers, M., van Hulten,M. and Govers, F., 2002.
Differential expression of G protein alpha and beta subunit genes during
development of Phytophthora infestans. Fungal
Genetics and Biology 36: 137-146.
van der Lee, T., Testa, A., van ’t Klooster, J., van den Berg-Velthuis, G.
and Govers, F., 2001. Chromosomal deletion in isolates of
Phytophthora infestans correlates with
virulence on R3, R10 and R11 potato lines.
Molecular Plant Micobe Interactions, 14: 1444-1452.
Govers, F., 2001. Misclassification of pest as
‘fungus’ puts research on
wrong track. Nature 411: 633.
Whisson, S.C., van der Lee, T., Bryan, G.J., Waugh, R., Govers, F. and
Birch, P.R.J., 2001. Physical mapping across an avirulence locus of
Phytophthora infestans using a high
representation, large insert bacterial artificial chromosome library.
Molecular and General Genomics 266: 289-295.
Vleeshouwers, V.G.A.A., Martens, A., van Dooijeweert, W., Colon, L.T.,
Govers, F. and Kamoun, S., 2001. Ancient diversification of the Pto kinase
family preceded speciation in Solanum.
Molecular Plant Micobe Interactions 14: 996-1005.
van der Lee, T., Robold, A., Testa, A., van ‘t Klooster, J.W. and Govers,
F., 2001. Mapping of avirulence genes in Phytophthora
infestans with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers
selected by bulked segregant analysis. Genetics 157: 949-956.
Vleeshouwers, V.G.A.A., van Dooijeweert, W., Govers, F., Kamoun, S. and
Colon, L.T., 2000. Does basal PR gene expression in
Solanum species contribute to non-specific resistance to
Phytophthora infestans? Physiological and
Molecular Plant Pathology 57: 35–42.
Zwankhuizen, M.J., Govers, F. and Zadoks, J.C., 2000. Inoculum sources and
genotypic diversity of Phytophthora infestans
in Southern Flevoland, The Netherlands. European Journal of Plant Pathology
106: 667-680.
Vleeshouwers, V.G.A.A., van Dooijeweert, W., Govers, F., Kamoun, S. and
Colon, L.T., 2000. The hypersensitive response is associated with host and
nonhost resistance to Phytophthora infestans.
Planta 210: 853-864.
Van 't Klooster, J.W., Van den Berg-Velthuis, G., Van West, P. and Govers,
F., 2000. Tef1, a Phytophthora infestans gene
encoding elongation factor 1a. Gene 249: 145-151.
Kamoun, S., Dong, S., Huitema, E., Torto, G.A., van West, P., Vleeshouwers,
V.G.A.A. and Govers, F., 2000.
Dissection of nonhost resistance of
Nicotiana
to Phytophthora infestans. In: Biology of
Plant-Microbe Interactions – volume 2 (eds. P.J.G.M. de Wit, T. Bisseling &
W. J. Stiekema). ISPMP St. Paul Minnesota USA. pp. 180-185.
Govers, F., 1999. Research investments in Phytophthora
infestans: how to get to know the pathogen? In:
Late blight: a threat to global food security, Volume 1, Proceedings
of the Global Initiative on Late Blight Conference, Quito, Ecuador (eds.
Crissman, L & Lizarraga, C.) CIP Lima Peru, 69-72.
Kamoun, S., Hraber, P., Sobral, B., Nuss, D.L. and Govers, F., 1999. Initial
assessment of gene diversity for the oomycete pathogen
Phytophthora infestans based on expressed sequences. Fungal Genetics
and Biology 28: 94-106.
Kamoun, S., Honée, G., Weide, R., Laugé, R., Kooman-Gersmann M., de Groot,
K.E., Govers, F. and de Wit, P.J.G.M., 1999. The fungal gene Avr9 and the
Oomycete Gene inf1 confer avirulence to potato virus X
on tobacco. Molecular Plant-Microbe
Interactions 12: 459-462.
Van West, P., Kamoun, S., Van 't Klooster, J.W. and Govers, F., 1999. Ric1,
a Phytophthora infestans gene with homology to
stress-induced genes. Current Genetics 36: 310-315.
Van West, P., Kamoun, S., Van 't Klooster, J.W. and Govers, F., 1999.
Inter-nuclear gene silencing in Phytophthora infestans.
Molecular Cell 3: 339-348.
Vleeshouwers, V.G.A.A., van Dooijeweert, W., Keizer, P.L.C., Sijpkes, L.,
Govers, F. and Colon, L.T., 1999. A laboratory assay for
Phytophthora infestans resistence in various
Solanum species reflects the field situation.
European Journal of Plant Pathology 105: 241-250.
Kamoun, S., van West, P., Vleeshouwers, V.G.A.A., de Groot, K.E. and Govers,
F., 1998. Resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana
to Phytophthora infestans is mediated by the
recognition of elicitor protein INF1. The Plant Cell, 10: 1413-1426.
Kamoun, S., van der Lee, T., van den Berg-Velthuis, G., de Groot, K.E. and
Govers, F., 1998. Loss of production of the elicitor protein INF1 in the
clonal lineage US-1 of Phytophthora infestans.
Phytopathology 88: 1315-1323.
Zwankhuizen, M.J., Govers, F. and Zadoks, J.C., 1998. Development of
potato
late blight epidemics: disease foci, disease gradients, and infection
sources. Phytopathology 88: 754-763.
Kamoun, S., van West, P., and Govers, F., 1998. Quantification of
late blight resistance of potato using
transgenic Phytophthora infestans expressing
ß-glucuronidase. European Journal of Plant Pathology 104: 521-525.
Van West, P., de Jong, A.J., Emons, A-M., Judelson, H.S. and Govers, F.,
1998. The ipiO gene of Phytophthora infestans
is highly expressed in invading hyphae. Fungal Genetics and Biology 23:
126-138.
Van der Lee, T., De Witte, I., Drenth, A., Alfonso, C. and Govers, F., 1997.
AFLP linkage map of the oomycete Phytophthora
infestans. Fungal Genetics and Biology 21: 278-291.
Basım, H. and Stall, R. E., 1996. Plant-inducible horizontal chromosomal
gene transfer among strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. vesicatoria by
conjugation. 8th International Con gress of Molecular Plant-Microbe
Interactions, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, X14.
Basım, H. and Stall, R. E., 1996. Chromosomal gene transfer among strains of
Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. vesicatoria by conjugation. Phytopathology 86:
S77.
Basım, H., Stall, R. E., and Jones, J., 1999. Chromosomal gene transfer
among strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. vesicatoria by conjugation.
Phytopathology 89: 1044-49.
Basım, H. and Stall, R. E., 1996. A unique chromosomal copper gene cluster
from Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. vesicatoria. Phytopathology 86: S15-S16.
Hacıoğlu, E., Basım, H. and Stall, R. E., 1996. Rarely cutting restriction
endonucleases for determining genome size and physical map of the chromosome
of Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. vesicatoria. Phytopathology 86: S77-S78.
Basım, H., 1996. Horizontal chromosomal gene transfer among strains of
Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. vesicatoria by conjugation. Doktora Tezi (Tez
Yöneticisi; Prof. Dr. Robert E. STALL). University of Florida, Department of
Plant Pathology, Gainesville, FL. USA. 137p.
Çıtır, A. and E. H. Varney,
1974. Endive
Mosaic
in New Jersey. Caused by Turnip Mosaic Virus.
Abstract. Proceeding of The American Phytopathological Society. Vol. 1,
p.134.
Çıtır, A., 1975.
Identification, Bioassay, Ecology and Control of An
Endive Mosaic Virus in New Jersey.
Rutgers University New Brunswick, New Jersey, U.S.A. Doktora Tezi, 100 pp.
Alabouvette, C., Lemanceau, P., and Steinberg, C., 1993.
Recent advances in
the
biological control of Fusarium
wilts. Pestic. Sci. 37: 365-373.
Burbage, D. A., Sasser, M., and Lumsden, R.D. 1982.
A medium selective for Pseudomonas cepacia. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 72:706.
Cook, R. J. 1993. Making greater use of introduced microorganisms for
biological control of plant pathogens. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 31: 53-80.
Couteaudier, Y., 1992. Competition for carbonin soil and rhizosphere; a
mechanism involved in biological control of
Fusarium wilts. Pages 99-104 in:
Biological Control of Plant Diseases: Progress and Challenges for the
Future.
E. C. Tjamos, G. C. Papavizas,and R. J. Cook, eds. Plenum Press, New York.
Datnoff, L. E., Nemec, S., and Pernezny, K., 1995.
Biological control of
Fusarium
crown and root rot of tomato in Florida using Trichoderma harzianum and
Glomus intraradices. Biol. Control 5: 427-431.
De Cal, A., Pascual, S., Larena, I, and Melga-rejo, P., 1995.
Biological
control of Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp. lycopersici. Plant Pathol. 44: 909-917.
Duffy, B. K., Simon, A., and Weller, D. M., 1996. Combination of
Trichoderma
koningii with fluorescent pseudomonads for control of
take-all on wheat.
Phytopathology 86:188-194.
Duffy, B. K., and Weller, D. M. 1995. Use of
Gaemannomyces graminis var.
graminis alone and in combination with fluorescent
Pseudomonas spp. to
suppress take-all of wheat. Plant Dis. 79: 907-911.
Elad, Y., Chet, I., and Henis, Y., 1981. A selective medium for improving
quantitative isolation of Trichoderma spp. from soil. Phytoparasitica 9:
59-67.
Fuchs, J.G., Moënne-Loccoz, Y., and Défago, G., 1997.
Nonpathogenic Fusarium
oxysporum strain Fo47 induces resistance to Fusarium
wilt of tomato. Plant
Dis. 81: 492-496.
Harman, G. E., 1991. Seed treatments for biological control of plant disease.
Crop Prot. 10: 166-171.
Hebbar, K.P., Atkinson, D., Tucker, W., and Dart, P. J.,
1992. Suppression of Fusarium moniliforme by maize root-associated
Pseudomonas cepacia. Soil
Biol. Biochem. 24: 1009-1020.
Jarvis, W. R., 1988. Fusarium
crown and root rot of tomatoes. Phytoprotection
69: 49-64.
Larkin, R. P. and Fravel, D. R., 1996. Efficacy of various biocontrol
organisms in the control of Fusarium
wilt of tomato. Phytopathology 86: S83.
Larkin, R. P., Hopkins, D. L. and Martin, F.N., 1993. Ecology of
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
niveum in soils suppressive and conducive to Fusarium
wilt
of watermelon. Phytopathology 83: 1105-1116.
Larkin, R. P., Hopkins, D. L. and Martin, F. N., 1996. Suppression of
Fusarium wilt of
watermelon by nonpathogenic
Fusarium oxysporum and other
microorganisms recovered from a disease-suppressive soil. Phytopathology
86: 812-819.
Leeman, M., Den Ouden, F. M., van Pelt, J. A., Cornelissen, Matamala-Garros,
A., Bakker, P. A. H. M. and Schippers, B., 1996. Suppression of
Fusarium wilt of
radish by co-inoculation of fluorescent
Pseudomonas spp. and
root-colonizing fungi. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 102: 21-31.
Leeman, M., Den Ouden, F. M., van Pelt, J.A., Hendrickx, M. J., Scheffer,
R.,
Bakker, P.A. H. M. and Schippers, B., 1995.
Biocontrol of Fusarium
wilt of
radish in commercial greenhouse trials by seed treatment with
Pseudomonas
fluorescens WCS374. Phytopathology 85: 1301-1305.
Lemanceau, P., 1989. Role of competition for carbon and iron in mechanisms
of soil sup-pressiveness to Fusarium
wilts. Pages 385-395 in: Vascular Wilt
Diseases of Plants. E. C.Tjamos and C. Beckman, eds. Springer-Verlag, New
York.
Lemanceau, P. and Alabouvette, C., 1991.
Biological control of fusarium
diseases by fluorescent Pseudomonas and non-pathogenic
Fusarium. Crop Prot.
10: 279-286.
Lemanceau, P., Bakker, P. A. H. M., de Kogel, W. J. and Alabouvette, C.,
1992. Effect of pseudobactin 358 production by Pseudomonas putida WCS358
on suppression of Fusarium
wilt of
carnations by nonpathogenic
Fusarium
oxysporum Fo47. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 2978-2982.
Lemanceau, P., Bakker, P. A. H. M., De Kogel, W. J., Alabouvette, C. and
Schippers, B., 1993. Antagonistic effect on nonpathogenic
Fusarium oxysporum
strain Fo47 and pseudobactin 358 upon pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
dianthi. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 74-82.
Lewis, J. A., Fravel, D. R., and Papavizas, G.C., 1995.
Cladorrhinum
foecundissimum: a potential biological control agent for the reduction of
Rhizoctonia solani. Soil Biol. Bio-chem. 27: 863-869.
Lewis, J. A., Lumsden, R. D. and Locke, J. C., 1996. Biocontrol of
damping-off diseases caused by
Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum
with
alginate prills of Gliocladium virens, Trichoderma hamatum, and various food
bases. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 6:163-173.
Lewis, J. A., and Papavizas, G. C., 1985. Effect of mycelial preparations of
Trichoderma and Gliocladium
on populations of Rhizoctonia solani and the
incidence of damping-off. Phytopathology 75: 812-817.
Lewis, J. A. and Papavizas, G. C., 1992. Potential of
Laetisaria arvalis for
the biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani. Soil Biol. Bio-chem. 24: 1075-1079.
Lewis, J. A. and Papavizas, G. C., 1993.
Stilbella aciculosa: a potential
biocontrol fungus against Rhizoctonia solani. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 3:
3-11.
Lewis, J. A., Papavizas, G. C., and Hollen-beck, M. D., 1993.
Biological
control of damping-off of snap beans caused by
Sclerotium rolfsii in the
greenhouse and field with formulations of Gliocladium virens. Biol. Control
3: 109-115.
Liu, L., Kloepper, J. W. and Tuzun, S., 1995. Induction of systemic
resistance in cucumber against
Fusarium wilt by plant growth-promoting
rhizobacteria. Phytopathology 85: 695-698.
Lumsden, R. L. and Locke, J. C., 1989.
Biological control of damping-off
caused by Pythium ultimum and
Rhizoctonia solani with Gliocladium virens in
soilless mix. Phytopathology 79: 361-366.
Mandeel, Q. and Baker, R., 1991. Mechanisms involved in
biological control of
Fusarium wilt of cucumber with strains of nonpathogenic
Fusarium
oxysporum. Phytopathology 81: 462-469.
Marois, J. J., Mitchell, D. J. and Sonoda, R. M., 1981. Biological control
of Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato under field conditions.
Phytopathology 71: 1257-1260.
Minuto, A., Migheli, Q. and Garabaldi, A., 1995. Evaluation of antagonistic
strains of Fusarium spp. in the biological and integrated control of
Fusarium wilt of
cyclamen. Crop Prot. 14: 221-226.
Paulitz, T. C., Park, C. S. and Baker, R., 1987.
Biological control of
Fusarium wilt of cucumber
with nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum.
Can. J. Microbiol. 33: 349-353.
Park, C. S., Paulitz, T. C. and Baker, R., 1988.
Biocontrol of
Fusarium wilt
of cucumber resulting from interactions between
Pseudomonas putida and
nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum. Phytopathology 78: 190-194.
Pierson, E. A. and Weller, D. M., 1994. Use of mixtures of fluorescent
pseudomonads to suppress take-all and improve the growth of
wheat.
Phytopathology 84: 940-947.
Postma, J. and Rattink, H., 1992.
Biological control of
Fusarium wilt of
carnation with a non-pathogenic isolate of
Fusarium oxysporum. Can. J. Bot.
70: 1199-1205.
Raaijmakers, J. M., Leeman, M., van Oor-schot, M. M. P., van der Sluis, I.,
Schippers, B., and Bakker, P. A. H. M., 1995. Dose-response relationships in
biological control of
Fusarium wilt of radish by
Pseudomonas spp.
Phytopathology 85: 1075-1081.
Sands, D. C. and Rovira, A. R., 1970. Isolation of fluorescent
pseudomonads
with a selective medium. Appl. Microbiol. 20: 513-514.
Scher, F. M. and Baker, R., 1982. Effect of
Pseudomonas putida and a
synthetic ironchelator on induction of suppressiveness to
Fusarium wilt
pathogens. Phytopathology 72: 1567-1573.
Sivan, A. and Chet, I., 1993. Integrated control of
fusarium crown and root
rot of tomato with Trichoderma harzianum in combination with methyl bromide
or soil solarization. Crop Prot. 12: 380-386.
Taylor, A. G., Harman, G. E. and Nielsen, P. A., 1994. Biological seed
treatments usingTrichoderma harzianum for horticulturalcrops. Hortic.
Technol. 4: 105-108.
UNEP Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee., 1994. Montreal protocol on
substances that deplete the ozone layer: 1994 report of the MBTOC.
EPA-430/K94/029.
Van Peer, R., Niemann, G. J. and Schippers, B., 1991. Induced resistance and
phytoalexin accumulation in biological control of
Fusarium wilt of
carnation
by Pseudomonas sp. strain WCS417r. Phytopathology 81: 1508-1512.
Weller, D. M., 1988. Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens in the
rhizosphere with bacteria. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 26: 379-407.
Weller, D. M. and Cook, R. J., 1983. Suppression of
take-all of wheat by
seed treatments with fluorescent pseudomonads. Phytopathology 73: 463-469.
Zhang, J., Howell, C. R. and Starr, J. L., 1996.
Suppression of Fusarium
colonization of cotton roots and
Fusarium wilt by seed treatments with
Gliocladium virens and Bacillus subtilis. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 6:
175-187.
Attitalla, I. H., P. Quintanilla, and S. Brishammar., 1998. Induced
resistance in tomato plants against
Fusarium wilt invoked by
Fusarium sp,
salicylic acid and Phytophthora cryptogea. Acta Phytopathologica et
Entomologica Hungarica 33: 89-95.
Benhamou, N., and R. R. Bélanger., 1998. Benzothiadiazole-mediated induced
resistance to Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
radicis-lycopersici in tomato. Plant
Physiology 118:1203-1212.
Campbell, B. C. and S. S. Duffey., 1979. Tomatine and parasitic wasps:
potential incompatibility of plant antibiosis with biological control.
Science 204: 700-702.
Cohen, Y., U. Gisi, and T. Niderman., 1993. Local and systemic protection
against Phytophthora infestans induced in
potato and tomato plants by
jasmonic acid and jasmonic methyl ester. Phytopathology 83: 1054-1062.
Constabel, C. P., D. R. Bergey and C. A. Ryan, 1995. Systemin activates
synthesis of wound-inducible tomato leaf polyphenol oxidase via the
octadecanoid defense signalling pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences USA 92: 407-411.
Doares, S. H., Narvaez-Vasquez, J., Conconi, A. and Ryan, C. A., 1995.
Salicylic acid inhibits synthesis of proteinase inhibitors in
tomato leaves
induced by systemin and jasmonic acid. Plant Physiology 108: 1741-1746.
Doherty, H. M., Selvendran, R. R. and D. J. Bowles., 1988.
The wound
response of tomato plants can be inhibited by aspirin and related
hydroxybenzoic acids. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathololgy
33: 377-384.
Enyedi, A. J., N. Yalpani, P. Silverman and I. Raskin., 1992. Signal
molecules in systemic plant resistance to pathogens and pests. Cell
70:879-886.
Farmer, E. E., R. R. Johnson, and C. A. Ryan., 1992. Regulation of
expression of proteinase inhibitor genes by methyl jasmonate and jasmonic
acid. Plant Physiology 98: 995-1002.
John Wiley, New York. Hatcher, P. E. 1995. Three-way interactions between
plant pathogenic fungi, herbivorous insects and their host plants.
Biological Review 70: 639-694.
Herrmann, G., Lehmann, J., Peterson, A., Sembdner, G., Weidhase, R. A. and
Parthier, B., 1989. Species and tissue specificity of jasmonate induced
abundant proteins. Plant Physiology 134:703-709.
Inbar, M., H. Doostar, R. M. Sonoda, G. L. Leibee and R. T. Mayer., 1998.
Elicitors of plant defense systems reduce insect densities and disease
incidence. Journal of Chemical Ecology 24: 135-150.
Linhart, Y. B., 1991. Disease, parasitism and herbivory: multidimensional
challenges in plant evolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 6: 392-396.
Niki, T., I. Mitsuhara, S. Seo, N. Ohtsubo, and Y. Ohashi, 1998.
Antagonistic effect of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid on the expression of
pathogenesis-related (PR) protein genes in wounded mature
tobacco leaves.
Plant and Cell Physiology 39: 500-507.
Peña-Cortés, H., T. Albrecht, S. Prat, E. W. Weiler and L. Willmitzer,
1993. Aspirin prevents wound-induced gene expression in
tomato leaves by
blocking jasmonic acid biosynthesis. Planta 191: 123-128.
Reinbothe, S., B. Mollenhauer and C. Reinbothe., 1994. JIPs and RIPs: The
regulation of plant gene expression by jasmonates in response to
environmental cues and pathogens. Plant Cell 6:1197-1209.
Ryals, J. A., U. H. Neuenschwander, M. G. Willits, A. Molina, H. Y. Steiner
and M. P. Hunt, 1996. Systemic acquired resistance. Plant Cell 8:
1809-1819.
Schneider, M., P. Schweizer, P. Meuwly and J. P. Métraux, 1996. Systemic
acquired resistance in plants. International Review of Cytology 168:
303-339.
Sano, H. and Y. Ohashi, 1995. Involvement of small GTP-binding proteins in
defense signal-transduction pathways of higher plants. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences USA 92: 4138-4144.
Stout, M. J., Fidantsef, A. L., Duffey, S. S. and Bostock, R. M., 1999.
Signal interactions in pathogen and insect attack: systemic plant-mediated
interactions between pathogens and herbivores of the tomato,
Lycopersicon esculentum. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology (in press).
Stout, M. J., K. V. Workman, R. M. Bostock, and S. S. Duffey, 1998.
Specificity of induced resistance in the tomato,
Lycopersicon esculentum.
Oecologia 113: 74-91.
Thaler, J. S., M. J. Stout, R. Karban, and S. S. Duffey, 1996. Exogenous
jasmonates simulate insect wounding in tomato plants,
Lycopersicon
esculentum, in the laboratory and field. Journal of Chemical Ecology 22:
1767-1781.
Thaler, J. S., A. L. Fidantsef, S. S. Duffey, and R. M. Bostock, 1999.
Tradeoffs in plant defense against herbivores and pathogens: a field
demonstration. Journal of Chemical Ecology (in press).
Alexander, S.A., Caldwell, J. S., Hohlt, H.E., Nault, B. A., O’Dell, C.R.,
Sterrett, S.B., and Wilson, H.P., 2000. Virginia Commercial Vegetable
Production Recommendations. Virginia Coop. Ext. Serv.: Publ. No. 456-420,
176 pp.
Alexander, S. A., Kim, S. H. and Waldenmaier, C. M., 1999. First report of
copper-tolerant Pseudomonas syringae
pv. tomato in Virginia. Plant Dis. 83:
964.
Amemiya, Y., Hirano, K. and Jida, W., 1985. Induction of resistance to
verticillium wilt in tomato. Technical Bulletin, Chiba University 36:
135-139.
Amemiya, Y., Yamaguchi, K., Hirano, K. and Jida, W., 1986. Suppression of
fusarium wilt in
tomato by use of cross protection. Technical Bulletin,
Chiba University 37: 79-83.
Barratt, R.W. and Richards, M. C., 1944. Physiological maturity in relation
to Alternaria blight in the
tomato. (Abstract) Phytopathology 34: 997.
Bashan, Y. and Okon, Y., 1986. Internal and external infections of fruits
and seeds of peppers by
Xanthomonas campestris pv.
vesicatoria. Can. Jour.
of Botany 64: 2865-2871.
Bashan, Y., Okon, Y. and Henis, Y., 1978. Infection studies of
Pseudomonas
tomato, causal agent of bacterial speck of
tomato. Phytoparasitica 6:
134-143.
Bashan, Y., Okon, Y. and Henis, Y., 1981. Scanning electron and light
microscopy of infection and symptom development in tomato
leaves infected
with Pseudomonas tomato. Physiol. Plant Path. 19: 139-144.
Bashi, E. and Rotem, J., 1974. Adaptation of four pathogens to semi-arid
habitats as conditioned by penetration rate and germinating spore survival.
Phytopathology 64: 1035-1039.
Bashi, E. and Rotem, J., 1976. Induction of sporulation of
Alternaria porri f.sp.
solani in vivo. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 14: 83-90.
Basim, H., Stall, R.E., Minsavage, G.V. and Jones, J.B., 1999. Chromosomal
gene transfer by conjugation in the plant pathogen
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.
vesicatoria. Phytopathology 89: 1044-1049.
Basu, P.K., 1971. Existence of chlamydospores of
Alternaria porri f.sp.
solani as over-wintering propagules in soil. Phytopathology 61: 1347-1350.
Bosshard-Heer, E. and Vogelsanger, J., 1977. Ability of
Pseudomonas tomato
(Okabe) Alstatt (causing speck of
tomato) to survive in different soils.
Phytopathology Z 90: 193-202.
Bryan, M.K., 1933. Bacterial speck in
tomato. Phytopathology 23: 897-904.
Cohen, Y. and Roten, J., 1970. The relationship of sporulation to
photosynthesis in some obligatory and facultative parasites. Phytopathology
60: 1600-1604.
Cox, R.S., 1966. The role of
bacterial spot in tomato production in South
Florida. Plant Disease Reporter 50: 699-700.
Datar, V.V. and Mayee, C.D., 1981. Assesment of losses in tomato yield due
to early blight. Indian Phytopathol. 34: 191-195.
Devash, Y., Okon, Y. and Henis, Y., 1980. Survival of
Pseudomonas tomato, bacterial speck disease of tomato in soil and seeds. Phytopathol.: Z: 99,
175-185.
Diachun, S. and Valleau, W.D., 1946. Growth and overwintering of
Xanthomonas
vesicatoria in association with wheat roots. Phytopathology 36: 277-80.
Ellis, J.B. and Martin, G.B., 1882.
Macrosporium solani E&M. American
Naturalist 16: 1003.
Ellis, M.B. and Gibson, I.A.S., 1975.
Alternaria solani. CMI Descriptions of
pathogenic fungi and bacteria No. 475.
Fang, C.T., Lin, C.F. and Chu, C.L., 1957. A preliminary study on the disease
cycle of bacterial leaf blight of
rice. Acta Phytopathologica 2: 173-185.
Getz, S., Fullbright, D.W. and Stephens, C.T., 1983. Scanning electron
microscopy of infection sites and lesion development on
tomato fruit
infected
with Pseudomonas syringae
pv. tomato. Phytopathology 73: 39-43.
Getz, S., Stephens, C.T. and Fullbright, D.W., 1983. Influences of
developmental stage on susceptibility of tomato fruit to
Pseudomonas
syringae pv. tomato. Phytopathology 73: 36-38.
Harman, E.G., Norton, J.M., Stasz, T.E. and Humaydon, H.S., 1987. Nyolate
seed treatment of Brassica spp. to eradicate or reduce black rot caused by
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. campestris. Plant Dis. 71: 27-30.
Hirano, S.S. and Upper, C.D., 1983. Ecology and epidemiology of foliar
bacterial
plant pathogens. Annual Review of Phytopathology 21: 243-269.
Horsfall, J. G., and Barratt, R. W., 1945. An improved grading system for
measuring plant diseases. Phytopathology 35: 655.
Horsfall, J.G. and Dimond, A.E., 1957. Interactions of tissue, sugar, growth
substances, and disease susceptibility. Z. Pflanzenkrankh. Pflanzenschutz
64:
415-421.
Ivanyuk, V.G. Chalova, L.I., Yurganova, L.A., Karavaeva, K.A. and
Ozeretskovskaya, O.L., 1990. Immunization of tomato plants by biogenic
inducer of defense responses. Vestnik Sel’skokhozaistvennoi Nauki 5:
144-146.
Jones, J.B., Bouzar, H, Somodi, G.C., Stall, R.E., Pernezny, K., El-Morsy,
G. and
Scott, J.W., 1998. Evidence for the preemptive nature of
tomato race 3 of
Xanthomonas campestris pv.
vesicatoria in Florida. Phytopathology 88: 33-38.
Jones, J.B. Pohronezny, K.L., Stall, R.E. and Jones, J. P., 1986. Survival
of Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria in Florida on
tomato crop residues,
weeds, seeds, and volunteer tomato plants. Phytopathology 76: 430-434.
Jones, L.R., 1892. The new
potato disease or early blight. Sixth Annual
Report
of Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station, 6: 66-70.
Kessman, H., Stauv, T., Hoffmann, C., Maetzke, T. and Herzog, J., 1994.
Induction of systemic acquired disease resistance in plants by chemicals.
Annual Review of Phytopathology 32: 439-459.
Lai, M., Panopoulos, N.J. and Shaffer. S., 1977.
Transmission of T Plasmids
among Xanthomonas spp. and other plant pathogenic bacteria. Phytopathology
67: 1044-1050.
Lockwood, J. L., 1960. Lysis of mycelium of
plant pathogenic fungi by natural
soil. Phytopathology 50: 787-789.
Louws, F. J., Wilson, M., Campbell, H.L., Cuppels, D.A., Jones, J.B.,
Shoemaker, P.B., Sahin, F. and Miller, S.A., 2001. Field control of
bacterial spot
and bacterial speck of tomato using a plant activator. Plant Dis.:
85:481-488.
Madden, L., Pennypacker, S.P. and Mcnab, A.A., 1978.
FAST, a forecast system
for Alternaria solani on tomato. Phytopathology 68: 1354-1358.
Marco, G.M. and Stall, R.E., 1983. Control of
bacterial spot of pepper
initiated
by strains of Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria that differ in
sensitivity
to copper. Plant Dis. 67: 779-781.
Martin, W.H., 1918. Dissemination of
Septoria lycopersici Speg. by insects
and
pickers. Phytopathology 8: 365-372.
McInnes, T.B. Gtaitis, R. D., McCarter, S. M., Jaworski C.A. and Phatak S.C.,
1988. Airborne dispersal of bacteria in
tomato and pepper transplant fields.
Plant Dis. 72: 575-579.
Minsavage, G.V., Dahlbeck, D., Whalen, M.C., Kearny, B., Bonas, U.,
Staskawicz, B.J. and Stall, R.E., 1990. Gene-for-gene relationships
specifying
disease resistance in Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria-pepper
interactions. Molecular Plant Microbe Interactions 3: 41-47.
Moore W.D., 1942. Some factors affecting the infection of
tomato seedlings
by Alternaria solani. Phytopathology 32: 399-403.
Moore W.D. and Thomas, H.R., 1943. Some cultural practices that influence
the
development of Alternaria solani on tomato
seedlings. Phytopathology 33:
1176-1190.
Nash, A.F. and Gardner, R.G., 1988.
Tomato early blight
resistance in a
breeding line derived from Lycopersicon hirsutum PI 126445.
Plant Dis. 72:
206-209.
Nayudu, M.V. and Walker, J.C., 1960.
Bacterial spot of tomato as influenced
by
temperature and by age and nutrition of the host. Phytopathology 50:
360-364.
Okabe, N., 1933. Bacterial diseases
in plants occurring in Formosa. II.
Journal
of the Society of Tropical Agriculture: 5: 26-36.
Ozeretskovskaya, O.L., 1995. Induced resistance in the
Solanaceae. Pages
31-62 in: Induced resistance to disease in plants. R Hammerschmidt and J.
Kuc, eds. Kluwer Acedemic Publishers, Norwell, MA.
Pennypacker, S.P., Madden, L.V. and McNab, A.A., 1983. Validation of an
early
blight forecasting system for tomatoes. Plant Dis. 67: 287-289.
Pernezny, K and Collins, J., 1997. Epiphytic populations of
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria on pepper: relationships to host-plant resistance
and exposure to copper sprays. Plant Dis. 81: 791-794.
Pohronezny, K. and Volin, R.B., 1983. The effect of
bacterial spot of yield
and
quality of fresh market tomatoes. HortScience 18: 69-70.
Prohronezny, K.L., Moss, M.A., Dankers, W. and Schenk, J., 1990. Dispersal
and management of Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria during thinning of
direct seeded tomato. Plant Dis. 74: 800-805.
Pohronezny, K., Hewitt, M., Infante, J. and Datnoff, L., 1992. Wind and
wind-generated sand injury as factors in infection of pepper by
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria. Plant Dis. 76: 1036-1039.
Pound, G.S., 1951. Effect of air temperature on incidence and development of
early blight disease of tomato. Phytopathology 41: 127-135.
Rands, R.D., 1917. Early blight of
potato and related plants. Wisconsin Exp.
Station, Bulletin 42: 1-48.
Ramos, L.J. and Volin, R.B., 1987. Role of stomatal opening and frequency on
infection of Lycopersicon spp. by
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria. Phytopathology 77: 1311-1317.
Ray, M. J., 1901. Les maladies cryptogamiques des vegetaux. Rev. Gen. Bot.
XII: 145-151.
Reid, W.D., 1948. Tomato
speck of tomato. New Zeal. Jour. Sci. and Technol.
A,
30: 5-8.
Ritchie, D.F. and Dittapongpitch, V., 1991. Copper and streptomycin
resistant
strains and host differentiated races of Xanthomonas campestris
pv.
vesicatoria in North Carolina. Plant Dis. 75: 733-736.
Ritchie, D.F., Louws, F.J., Kousik, C.S., Romero, A.M. and Pollard, D.W.,
1997.
Evaluating the plant activator CGA-245704 50 WG for control of
bacterial
spot of tomato. Fungicide and Nematicide tests 52: 188.
Romantschuk, M., 1993. Fimbriae (pilus) mediated attachment of
Psuedomonas
syringae, Xanthomonas campestris and Erwinia rhapontici
to plant surfaces,
in
Molecular Mechanisms of Botanical Virulence (eds C.I. Kado and J. Crosa),
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Ross, A.F., 1961. Systematic acquired resistance induced by localized
virus
infections in plants. Virology 14: 340-358.
Rotem, J., 1964. The effect of weather on dispersal of
Alternaria spores in
a
semi-arid region of Isreal. Phytopathology 54: 628-632.
Rotem, J., 1968. Thermoxerophytic properties of
Alternaria porri f. sp.
solani.
Phytopathology 54: 1284-1287.
Schaad, N.W., Sitterly, W.R. and Humaydan, H., 1980.
Relationship of
incidence of seed-borne Xanthomonas campestris to
black rot of crucifers.
Plant
Dis. 64: 91-92.
Schaad, N.W., Vidaver, A.K., Lacy, G.H., Rudolph, K. and Jones, J.B., 2000.
Evaluation of proposed amended names of several Pseudomonads and
Xanthomonads and recommendations. Phytopathology 90: 208-213.
Schein, R.D., 1964. Comments on the moisture requirements of
fungus
germination. Phytopathology 54: 1427.
Schneider, R.W., and Grogan R.G., 1977.
Bacterial speck of tomato
(Pseudomonas tomato): sources of inoculum and establishment of a resident
population. Phytopathology 67: 898-902.
Schultz, T., Gabrielson, R.L. and Olson, S., 1986. Control of
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. campestris in crucifer seed with slurry treatment of calcium
hypochlorite. Plant Dis. 70: 1027-1030.
Stall, R.E. and Cook, A.A., 1966. Multiplication of
Xanthomonas vesicatoria
and
lesion development in resistant and susceptible pepper. Phytopathology 56:
1152-1154.
Vakili, N.G., 1967. Importance of wounds in
bacterial spot (Xanthomonas
vesicatoria) of tomatoes in the field. Phytopathology 57: 1099-1103.
Valleau, W. D., Johnson, E. M. and Diachun, S., 1944. Root infection of crop
plants and weeds by tobacco
leaf spot bacteria. Phytopathology 34: 163-174.
Vauterin, L., Rademaker, J. and Swings, J., 2000. Synopsis on
the taxonomy of
the genus Xanthomonas. Phytopathology 90: 677-682.
Waggoner, P.E. and Horsfall, J.G., 1969. EPIDEM: A simulator of plant
disease written for a computer. Connecticut Ag. Exp. Stn. Bulletin, 698 pp.
Waggoner, P.E. and Parlange, J.Y., 1975. Slowing of spore germination with
changes between moderately warm and cool temperatures. Phytopathology 65:
551-553.
Wallis, F.M., Rijkenberg, F.H.J., Joubert, J.J. and Martin, M.M. 1973.
Ultrastructural histopathology of cabbage leaves infected with
Xanthomonas
campestris. Physiol. Plant Pathology 3: 371-378.
Ward, H.P. and O’Garro, L.W., 1992.
Bacterial spot of pepper
and tomato in
Barbados. Phytopathology 76: 1046-1048.
Wiles, A.B. and Walker, J.C., 1952. Epidemiology and control of
angular leaf
spot of cucumber. Phytopathology 42: 105-108.
Bournival B.L., Vallejos C.E., Scott J.W., 1990. Genetic analysis of
resistances to races 1 and 2 of Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp. lycopersici from
the wild tomato Lycopersicon pennellii.
Theor. Appl. Genet. 79: 641-645
Bournival B.L., Vallejos C.E., Scott J.W., 1989.
An isozyme marker for
resistance to race 3 of Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp. lycopersici in
tomato.
Theor. Appl. Genet. 78: 489-494
Sarfatti M., Abu-Abied M., Katan J., Zamir D., 1991.
RFLP mapping of I1 - a
new locus in tomato conferring resistance against
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici race 1. Theor. Appl. Genet. (in press)
Scott J.W., Jones J.P., 1989. Monogenic resistance in
tomato to Fusarium
oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici race 3. Euphytica 40: 49-53
Benhamou N., 1992. Ultrastructural detection of β-1,3-glucans in
tobacco
root tissues infected by Phytophthora parasitica
var. nicotianae using a
gold-complexed tobacco β-1,3-glucanase. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 41:
351-370
Benhamou N., 1996. Elicitor-induced plant defense pathways. Trends Plant
Sci. 1: 233-240
Benhamou N., Bélanger R.R., 1998. Induction of systemic resistance to
Pythium damping-off in
cucumber plants by benzothiadiazole: ultrastructure
and cytochemistry of the host response. Plant J. 14: 13-21
Benhamou N., Chamberland H., Ouellette G.B., Pauzé F.J., 1987.
Ultrastructural localization of β-1,4-D-glucans in two pathogenic fungi and
in their host tissues by means of an exoglucanase-gold complex. Can. J.
Microbiol. 33: 405-417
Benhamou N., Lafontaine P.J., 1995. Ultrastructural and cytochemical
characterization of elicitor-induced responses in tomato
root tissues
infected by Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
radicis-lycopersici. Planta 197:
89-102
Benhamou N., Lafontaine P.J., Nicole M., 1994. Seed treatment with chitosan
induces systemic resistance to Fusarium
crown and root rot in tomato plants.
Phytopathology 84: 1432-1444
Bennett M., Gallagher M., Fagg J., Bestwick C., Paul T., Beale M., Mansfield
J., 1996. The hypersensitive reaction, membrane damage and accumulation of
autofluorescent phenolics in lettuce cells challenged by
Bremia lactucae.
Plant J. 9: 851-865
Blanchette R.A., 1991. Delignification of wood-decay fungi. Annu. Rev.
Phytopathol. 29: 381-398
Brammall R.A., Higgins V.J., 1988. A histological comparison of
fungal
colonization in tomato seedlings susceptible and resistant to
Fusarium crown
and root rot disease. Can. J. Bot. 66: 915-925
Chérif M., Benhamou N., Menzies J.G., Bélanger R.R., 1992. Silicon induced
resistance in cucumber plants against
Pythium ultimum. Physiol. Mol. Plant
Pathol. 41: 411-425
Cohen Y., Niderman T., Mösinger E., Fluhr R., 1994. β-Aminobutyric acid
induces the accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins in
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants and resistance to
late blight infection
caused by Phytophthora infestans. Plant Physiol. 104: 59-66
De Cal A., Pascual S., Melgarejo P., 1997. Involvement of resistance
induction by Penicillium oxalicum in the biocontrol of tomato wilt. Plant
Pathol. 46: 72-79
Friedrich L., Lawton K., Ruess W., Masner P., Specker N., Gut Rella M.,
Meier B., Dincher S., Staub T., Uknes S., and others., 1996. A
benzothiadiazole derivative induces systemic acquired resistance in
tobacco.
Plant J. 10: 61-70
Görlach J., Volrath S., Knauff-Beiter G., Hengy G., Beckhove U., Kogel K.H.,
Oostendorp M., Staub T., Ward E., Kessmann H., and others., 1996.
Benzothiadiazole, a novel class of inducers of systemic acquired resistance,
activates gene expression and disease resistance in wheat. Plant Cell 8:
629-643.
Jarvis W.R., 1988. Fusarium
crown and root rot of tomatoes. Phytoprotection
69: 49-64
Kauffmann S., Legrand M., Geoffroy P., Fritig B., 1987. Biological function
of “pathogenesis-related” proteins: four PR proteins of tobacco have
1,3-β-glucanase activity. EMBO J. 6: 3209-3212
Lamb C.J., Lawton M.A., Dron M., Dixon R.A., 1989.
Signals and transduction
mechanisms for activation of plant defense against microbial attack. Cell
56: 215-224 [PubMed]
Lawton K.A., Friedrich L., Hunt M., Weymann K., Delaney T., Kessmann H.,
Staub T., Ryals J., 1996. Benzothiadiazole induces disease resistance in
Arabidopsis by activation of the systemic acquired resistance signal
transduction pathway. Plant J. 10: 71-82 [PubMed][Full Text]
Lemanceau P., Alabouvette C., 1993. Suppression of
Fusarium wilts by
fluorescent Pseudomonads: mechanisms and applications. Biocontrol Sci.
Technol. 3: 219-234
Madamanchi N.R., Kuc J., 1991. Induced systemic resistance in plants. In
G.T. Cole, T.A. Hoch, eds, Fungal Spores and Disease Initiation in Plants
and Animals. Plenum Publishers, New York, pp 347-362.
Malamy J., Klessig D.F., 1992. Salicylic acid and plant disease resistance.
Plant J. 2: 643-654.
Mayer A.M., 1987. Polyphenol oxidases in plants: recent progress.
Phytochemistry 26: 11-20
Métraux J.P., Ahl Goy P., Staub T., Speich J., Steinemann A., Ryals J., Ward
E., 1991. Induced resistance in cucumber in response to
2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and pathogens. In Hennecke H., Verma D.P.S.,
eds, Advances in Molecular Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Vol 1.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 432-439
Niemann G.J., Van der Kerk A., Niessen W.M.A., Versluis K., 1991. Free and
cell wall-bound phenolics and other constituents from healthy and
fungus-infected carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
stems. Physiol. Mol.
Plant Pathol. 38: 417-432.
Ride J.P., 1986. Induced structural defense in plants. In Gould G.W., Coopre
R.M., Board R.G., eds, Natural Antimicrobial Systems in Plants and Animals.
University Press, Bath, UK, pp 159-165
Ross A.F., 1961. Systemic acquired resistance induced by localized
virus
infections in plants. Virology 14: 340-358
Ryals J., Ward E., Métraux J.P., 1992. Systemic acquired resistance: an
inducible defense mechanism in plants. In Wray J.L., ed,
Inducible Plant
Proteins: Their Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 205-229
Scalet M., Crivaletto E., Mallardi F., 1989. Demonstration of phenolic
compounds in plant tissues by an osmium-iodide post-fixation procedure.
Stain Technol 64: 273-290 [PubMed]
Southerton S.G., Deverall B.J., 1990. Changes in phenolic acid levels in
wheat leaves expressing resistance to
Puccinia recondita f. sp.
tritici. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 37: 437-450
Ward E.R., Uknes S.J., Williams S.C., Dincher S.S., Wiederhold D.L.,
Alexander D.C., Ahl-Goy P., Metraux J.P., Ryals J.A., 1991. Coordinate gene
activity in response to agents that induce systemic acquired resistance.
Plant Cell 3: 1085-1094. [Free Full text in PMC]
Laterrot, R. and J. Philouze., 1984. Recombination between resistance to
pathotype I (I-2 allele) and susceptibility to pathotype 0 (I^+ allele) of
Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici in tomato
(Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.). Eucarpia, Tomato Working Group. Synopses IXth Meeting, May 22-24,
1984, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 70-74.
Bachi, P.R., J.W. Beale, J.R. Hartman, D.E. Hershman, W.C. Nesmith, and P.C.
Vincelli, 2002. Plant Diseases in Kentucky. Plant Disease Diagnostic
Laboratory Summary, 2001. UK Department of Plant Pathology. In press.
Abad L., D'Urzo M.P., Liu D., Narasimhan M.L., Reuveni M., Zhu J.K., Niu X.,
Singh N.K., Hasegawa P.M., Bressan R.A., 1996. Antifungal activity of
tobacco osmotin has specificity and involves plasma membrane
permeabilization. Plant Sci. 118: 11-23
Alexander D., Goodman R.M., Gut-Rella M., Glascock C., Weymann K., Friedrich
L., Maddox D., Ahl-Goy P., Luntz T., Ward E., et al., 1993. Increased
tolerance to two oomycete pathogens in transgenic tobacco expressing
pathogenesis-related protein 1a. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 7327-7331 [
Free Full text in PMC]
Beckman C.H., Roberts E.M., 1995. On the nature and genetic basis for
resistance and tolerance to fungal wilt diseases of plants. Adv. Bot. Res.
21: 35-77
Benhamou N., Grenier J., Asselin A., 1991. Immunogold localization of
pathogenesis-related protein P14 in tomato root cells infected with
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
radicis-lycopersici. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 38:
237-253
Benhamou N., Grenier J., Asselin A., Legrand M., 1989. Immunogold
localization of beta-1,3-glucanases in two plants infected by
vascular wilt fungi. Plant Cell 1: 1209-1221 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Ceccardi T.L., Barthe G.A., Derrick K.S., 1998. A novel protein associated
with citrus blight has sequence similarities to expansin. Plant Mol. Biol.
38: 775-783 [PubMed]
Christ U., Mösinger E., 1989. Pathogenesis-related proteins of
tomato: I.
Induction by Phytophthora infestans and other biotic and abiotic inducers
and correlations with resistance. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 35: 53-65
Cornelissen B.J., Hooft van Huijsduijnen R.A., Bol J.F., 1986. A
tobacco mosaic virus-induced tobacco protein is homologous to the sweet-tasting
protein thaumatin. Nature 321: 531-532 [PubMed]
De Boer A.H., Volkov V., 2003. Logistics of water and salt transport through
the plant: structure and functioning of the xylem. Plant Cell Environ (in
press)
De Wit P.J., Buurlage M.B., Hammond K.E., 1986. The occurrence of host-,
pathogen-, and interaction-specific proteins in the apoplast of
Cladosporium
fulvum (syn. Fulvia fulva) infected tomato leaves. Physiol Mol. Plant
Pathol. 29: 159-172
De Wit P.J., van der Meer F.E., 1986. Accumulation of the
pathogenesis-related tomato leaf protein p14 as an early indicator of
incompatibility in the interaction between Cladosporium fulvum (Syn.
Fulvia
fulva) and tomato. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 28: 203-214
Domingo C., Conejero V., Vera P., 1994. Genes encoding acidic and basic
class III beta-1,3-glucanases are expressed in tomato
plants upon viroid
infection. Plant Mol. Biol. 24: 725-732 [PubMed]
Emslie K.R., Molloy M.P., Barardi C.R.M., Jardine D., Wilkins M.R., Bellamy
A.R., Williams K.L., 2000. Serotype classification and characterization of
the rotavirus SA11 VP6 protein using mass spectrometry and two-dimensional
gel electrophoresis. Funct. Integr. Genomics 1: 12-24 [PubMed][Full Text]
Gao H., Beckman C.H., Mueller W.C., 1995. The nature of tolerance to
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici in polygenically field-resistant
marglobe tomato plants. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 46: 401-412
Hu X., Reddy A.S., 1997. Cloning and expression of a PR5-like protein from
Arabidopsis: inhibition of fungal growth by bacterially expressed protein.
Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 949-959 [PubMed]
Hubbes M., 1999. The American elm
and Dutch elm disease. For Chron 75:
265-273
Jeun Y.C., 2000. Immunolocalization of PR-protein P14 in leaves of
tomato.
J. Plant Dis. Prot. 107: 352-367
Jia Y., Martin G.B., 1999. Rapid transcript accumulation of
pathogenesis-related genes during an incompatible interaction in
bacterial
speck disease resistant tomato plants. Plant Mol. Biol. 40: 455-465 [PubMed]
Joosten M.H., Bergmans C.J.B., Meulenhoff E.J.S., Cornelissen B.J.C., De Wit
P.J., 1990. Purification and serological characterization of three basic
15-kilodalton pathogenesis-related proteins from tomato. Plant Physiol. 94:
585-591
Joosten M.H., De Wit P.J., 1989. Identification of several
pathogenesis-related proteins in tomato leaves inoculated with
Cladosporium
fulvum (syn. Fulvia Fulva) as 1,3-β-glucanases and chitinases. Plant
Physiol. 89: 945-951
King G.J., Turner V.A., Hussey C.E., Jr, Syrkin Wurtele E., Lee M., 1988.
Isolation and characterization of a tomato cDNA clone which codes for a
salt-induced protein. Plant Mol. Biol. 10: 401-412
Kitajima S., Sato F., 1999. Plant pathogenesis-related proteins: molecular
mechanisms of gene expression an protein function. J. Biochem. 125: 18
[PubMed]
Kroon B.A.M., Elgersma D.M., 1993. Interactions between race 2 of
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici and near-isogenic resistant and susceptible
lines of intact plants or callus of tomato. J. Phytopathol. 137: 19
Kuhn A.J., Schröder W.H., Bauch J., 2000. The kinetics of calcium and
magnesium entry into mycorrhizal spruce roots. Planta 210: 488-496
[PubMed][Full Text]
Liang J., Zhang J., 1997. Collection of xylem sap at flow rate similar to in
vivo transpiration flux. Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 1375-1381
Lucas J., Henriquez A.C., Lottspiech F., Henschen A., Sänger H.L., 1985.
Amino acid sequence of the “pathogenesis-related” leaf protein p14 from
viroid-infected tomato reveals a new type of structurally unfamiliar
proteins. EMBO J 4: 2745-2749
Masuda S., Kamada H., Satoh S., 2001. Chitinase in
cucumber xylem sap.
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem 65: 1883-1885 [PubMed][Free Full Text]
Mauch F., Mauch-Mani B., Boller T., 1988. Antifungal hydrolases in
pea tissue: II. Inhibition of fungal growth by combinations of chitinase and
β-1,3-glucanase. Plant Physiol. 88: 936-942
Meinwald Y.C., Stimson E.R., Scheraga H.A., 1986. Deamidation of the
asparaginyl-glycyl sequence. Int. J. Pept. Protein Res. 28: 79-84 [PubMed]
Melchers L.S., Sela-Buurlage M.B., Vloemans S.A., Woloshuk C.P., Van Roekel
J.S., Pen J., van den Elzen P.J., Cornelissen B.J., 1993. Extracellular
targeting of the vacuolar tobacco proteins AP24, chitinase and
beta-1,3-glucanase in transgenic plants. Plant Mol. Biol. 21: 583-593
[PubMed]
Mes J.J., van Doorn A.A., Wijbrandi J., Simons G., Cornelissen B.J.C, Haring
M.A., 2000. Expression of the Fusarium resistance gene I-2 colocalizes with
the site of fungal containment. Plant J. 23: 183-194 [PubMed][Full Text]
Mes J.J., Weststeijn E.A., Herlaar F., Lambalk J.J.M., Wijbrandi J., Haring
M.A., Cornelissen B.J.C., 1999. Biological and molecular characterization of
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici divides race 1 isolates into separate
virulence groups. Phytopathology 89: 156-160
Nemec S., 1995. Stress-related compounds in xylem fluid of
blight-diseased
citrus containing Fusarium solani naphtazarin toxins and their effects on
the host. Can. J. Microbiol. 41: 515-524
Netzer D., Kritzman G., 1979. Beta-(1,3) Glucanase activity and quantity of
fungus in relation to Fusarium
wilt in resistant and susceptible
near-isogenic lines of muskmelon. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 14: 47-55
Niderman T., Genetet I., Bruyere T., Gees R., Stintzi A., Legrand M., Fritig
B., Mosinger E., 1995. Pathogenesis-related PR-1 proteins are antifungal:
isolation and characterization of three 14-kilodalton proteins of
tomato and
of a basic PR-1 of tobacco with inhibitory activity against
Phytophthora
infestans. Plant Physiol. 108: 17-27 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Payne G. W. M., Williams S., Desai N., Parks T.D., Dincher S., Carnes M.,
Ryals J., 1988. Isolation and nucleotide sequence of a novel cDNA clone
encoding the major form of pathogenesis-related protein R. Plant Mol. Biol.
11: 223-224
Pegg G.F., Young D.H., 1981. Changes in glycosidase activity and their
relationship to fungal colonization during infection of
tomato by
Verticillium albo-atrum. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 19: 371-382
Pegg G.F., Young D.H., 1982. Purification and characterization of chitinase
enzymes from healthy and Verticillium albo-atrum-infected
tomato plants, and
from V. albo-atrum. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 21: 389-409
Pierpoint W.S., Tatham A.S., 1987. Identification of the
virus-induced
protein of tobacco leaves that resembles the sweet-protein thaumatin.
Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 31: 291-298
Quackenbush J., Cho J., Lee D., Liang F., Holt I., Karamycheva S., Parvizi
B., Pertea G., Sultana R., White J., 2001. The TIGR gene indices: analysis
of gene transcript sequences in highly sampled eukaryotic species. Nucleic
Acids Res. 29: 159-164. [PubMed][Free Full Text]
Benson, D.A., I. Karsch-Mizrachi, D.J. Lipman, J.
Ostell, B.A. Rapp and D.L. Wheeler, 2000.
GenBank. Nucleic Acids Research, 28: 15-18.
Rodrigo I., Vera P., Frank R., Conejero V., 1991. Identification of the
viroid-induced tomato pathogenesis-related (PR) protein P23 as the
thaumatin-like tomato protein NP24 associated with osmotic stress. Plant
Mol. Biol. 16: 931-934. [PubMed]
Rodrigo I., Vera P., Tornero P., Hernandez-Yago J., Conejero V., 1993. cDNA
cloning of viroid-induced tomato pathogenesis-related protein P23:
characterization as a vacuolar antifungal factor. Plant Physiol. 102:
939-945 [Free Full text in PMC]
Ruiz-Medrano R., Jimenez-Moraila B., Herrera-Estrella L., Rivera-Bustamante
R.F., 1992. Nucleotide sequence of an osmotin-like cDNA induced in
tomato
during viroid infection. Plant Mol. Bio. 20: 1199-1202 [PubMed]
Satoh S., Lizuka C., Kikuchi A., Nakamura N., Fujii T., 1992. Proteins and
carbohydrates in xylem sap from squash root. Plant Cell Physiol. 33: 841-847
Sattelmacher B., 2001. The apoplast and its significance for plant mineral
nutrition. New Phytol. 149: 167-192
Schagger H., von Jagow G., 1987. Tricine-sodium dodecyl
sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in
the range from 1 to 100 kDa. Anal. Biochem. 166: 368-379 [PubMed]
Sela-Buurlage M.B., Ponstein A.S., Bres-Vloemans S.A., Melchers L.S., van
den Elzen P.J.M., Cornelissen B.J.C., 1993. Only specific tobacco
(Nicotiana
tabacum) chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases exhibit antifungal activity. Plant
Physiol. 101: 857-863 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Shevchenko A., Wilm M., Vorm O., Mann M., 1996. Mass spectrometric
sequencing of proteins from silver stained polyacrylamide gels. Anal. Chem.
68: 850-858 [PubMed]
Simmons C.R., 1994. The physiology and molecular biology of plant
1,3-beta-D-glucanases and 1,3;1,4-beta-D-glucanases. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci.
13: 325-387
Simons G., Groenendijk J., Wijbrandi J., Reijans M., Groenen J., Diergaarde
P., van der Lee T., Bleeker M., Onstenk J., de Both M., et al., 1998.
Dissection of the Fusarium I2 gene cluster in
tomato reveals six homologs
and one active gene copy. Plant Cell 10: 1055-1068 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Stintzi A., Heitz T., Prasad V., Wiedemann-Merdinoglu S., Kauffmann S.,
Geoffroy P., Legrand M., Fritig B., 1993. Plant “pathogenesis-related”
proteins and their role in defense against pathogens. Biochimie 75: 687-706
[PubMed]
Uknes S., Mauch-Mani B., Moyer M., Potter S., Williams S., Dincher S.,
Chandler D., Slusarenko A., Ward E., Ryals J., 1992. Acquired resistance in
Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 4: 645-656 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Van Kan J.A., Joosten M.H., Wagemakers C.A., Van den Berg-Velthuis G.C., De
Wit P.J., 1992. Differential accumulation of mRNAs encoding extracellular
and intracellular PR proteins in tomato induced by virulent and avirulent
races of Cladosporium fulvum. Plant Mol. Biol. 20: 513-527 [PubMed]
Van Loon L.C., Van Strien E.A., 1999. The families of pathogenesis-related
proteins, their activities, and comparative analysis of PR-1 type proteins.
Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 55: 85-97.
Van Pelt-Heerschap H., Smit-Bakker O., 1999. Analysis of defense-related
proteins in stem tissue of carnation inoculated with a virulent and
avirulent race of Fusarium oxysporum
f.sp. dianthi. Eur. J. Plant Pathol.
105: 681-691.
Woloshuk C.P., Meulenhoff J.S., Sela-Buurlage M., van den Elzen P.J.,
Cornelissen B.J., 1991. Pathogen-induced proteins with inhibitory activity
toward Phytophthora infestans. Plant Cell 3: 619-628 [ Free Full text in
PMC]
Young D.H., Pegg G.F., 1981. Purification and characterization of
1,3-beta-glucan hydrolases from healthy and Verticillium albo-atrum-infected
tomato plants. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 19: 391-417
Young S.A., Guo A., Guikema J.A., White F.F., Leach J.E., 1995.
Rice
cationic peroxidase accumulates in xylem vessels during incompatible
interactions with Xanthomonas oryzae
pv. oryzae. Plant Physiol. 107:
1333-1341 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Pilowsky, M., S. Cohen, R. Ben-Joseph, A. Shlomo, L. Chen, S. Nahon and J.
Krikun, 1989. TY-20. A tomato cultivar tolerant to
tomato yellow leaf curl
virus (TYLCV). Hassadeh 69:1212-1215.
Alamillo J.M., García-Olmedo F., 2001. Effects of urate, a natural inhibitor
of peroxynitrite-mediated toxicity, in the response of Arabidopsis thaliana
to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Plant J. 25: 529-541.
[PubMed][Full Text]
Boccara M., Vedel R., Lalo D., Lebrun M.H., Lafay J.F., 1991. Genetic
diversity and host range in strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi. Mol.
Plant-Microbe Interact 4: 293-299
Broekaert W.F., Cammue B.P.A., De Bolle M.F.C, Thevissen K., De Samblanx
G.W., Osborn R.W., 1997. Antimicrobial peptides from plants. Crit. Rev.
Plant Sci. 16: 297-323.
Caaveiro J.M.M., Molina A., González-Mañas J.M., Rodríguez-Palenzuela P.,
García-Olmedo F., Goñi F.M., 1997. Differential effect of five types of
antipathogenic plant peptides on model membranes. FEBS Lett 410: 338-342.
[PubMed]
O'Donnell P.J., Calvert C., Atzorn R., Wasternack C., Leyser H.M.O., Bowles
D.J., 1996. Ethylene as a signal mediating the wound response of
tomato
plants. Science 274: 1914-1917. [PubMed][Full Text]
Osbourn A.E., 1996. Preformed antimicrobial compounds and plant defense
against fungal attack. Plant Cell 8: 1821-1831. [ Free Full text in PMC]
Osbourn A.E., 1999. Antimicrobial phytoprotectants and fungal pathogens: a
commentary. Fungal Genet Biol 26: 163-168. [PubMed][Full Text]
Park C.J., Park C.B., Hong S.S., Lee H.S., Lee S.Y., Kim C., 2000.
Characterization and cDNA cloning of two glycine- and histidine-rich
antimicrobial peptides from the roots of shepherd's purse, Capsella
bursa-pastoris. Plant Mol Biol 44: 187-197 [PubMed]
Peña-Cortés H., Fisahn J., Willmitzer L., 1995. Signals involved in the
wound-induced proteinase inhibitor II gene expression in
tomato and potato
plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 4106-4113 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Carmona M.J., Molina A., Fernández J.A., López-Fando J.J., García-Olmedo F.,
1993. Expression of the α-thionin gene from
barley in tobacco confers
enhanced resistance to bacterial pathogens. Plant J. 3: 457-462.
[PubMed][Full Text]
Church G.M., Gilbert W., 1984. Genomic sequencing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA 81: 1991-1995. [PubMed]
Dammann C., Rojo E., Sanchez-Serrano J.J., 1997. Abscisic acid and jasmonic
acid activate wound-inducible genes in potato through separate,
organ-specific signal transduction pathways. Plant J. 11: 773-782.
[PubMed][Full Text]
Dellaporta S.L., Wood J., Hicks J.B., 1983. A plant DNA minipreparation:
version II. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 1: 19-22
De Samblanx G.W., Goderis I.J., Thevissen K., Raemaekers R., Fant F.,
Borremans F., Acland D.P., Osborn R.W., Patel S., Broekaert W.F., 1997.
Mutational analysis of a plant defensin from radish
(Raphanus sativus L.)
reveals two adjacent sites important for antifungal activity. J. Biol. Chem.
272: 1171-1179. [PubMed][Free Full Text]
Epple P., Apel K., Bohlmann H., 1997. Overexpression of an endogenous
thionin gives enhanced resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against
Fusarium
oxysporium. Plant Cell 9: 509-520. [ Free Full text in PMC]
García-Olmedo F., Carmona M.J., Lopez-Fando J.J., Fernandez J.A., Castagnaro
A., Molina A., Hernandez-Lucas C., Carbonero P., 1992. Characterization and
analysis of thionin genes. In Boller T., Meins F., eds,
Genes Involved in
Plant Defense. Springer-Verlag, Wien, Austria, pp 283-302.
García-Olmedo F., Molina A., Alamillo J.M., Rodríguez-Palenzuela P., 1998.
Plant defense peptides. Biopolymers 47: 479-491. [PubMed][Full Text]
García-Olmedo F., Molina A., Segura A., Moreno M., 1995.
The defensive role
of nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins in plants. Trends Microbiol. 3:
72-74. [PubMed][Full Text]
García-Olmedo F., Rodriguez-Palenzuela P., Molina A., Alamillo J.M.,
Lopez-Solanilla E., Berrocal-Lobo M., Poza-Carrion C., 2001. Antibiotic
activities of peptides, hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite in plant
defense. FEBS Lett 498: 219-222. [PubMed][Full Text]
Holtorf S., Ludwig-Muller J., Apel K., Bohlmann H., 1998.
High-level
expression of a viscotoxin in Arabidopsis thaliana gives enhanced resistance
against Plasmodiophora brassicae. Plant Mol. Biol. 36: 673-680. [PubMed]
Kombrink E., Somssich I.E., 1997. Pathogenesis related proteins in plant
defense. In Carrol G., Tudzynski P., eds, The Mycota V Part A, Plant
Relationships. Spring-Verlag, Berlin, pp 107-128
León J., Rojo E., Sanchez-Serrano J.J., 2001. Wound signaling in plants. J.
Exp. Bot. 52: 19 [PubMed]
López-Solanilla E., Garcia-Olmedo F., Rodriguez-Palenzuela P., 1998.
Inactivation of the sapA to sapF locus of Erwinia chrysanthemi reveals
common features in plant and animal bacterial pathogens. Plant Cell 10:
917-924. [ Free Full text in PMC]
López-Solanilla E., Llama-Palacio A., García-Olmedo F., Rodríguez-Palenzuela
P., 2001. Relative effects on virulence of mutations in the sap, pel, and
hrp loci of Erwinia chrysanthemi. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact. 14: 386-393.
[PubMed]
Miguel E, Poza-Carrión C., López-Solanilla E., Aguilar I., Llama-Palacios
A., García-Olmedo F., Rodríguez-Palenzuela P., 2000. Evidence against a
direct antimicrobial role of H2O2 in the infection of plants by
Erwinia
chrysanthemi. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact. 13: 421-429. [PubMed]
Molina A, Diaz I., Vasil IK., Carbonero P., Garcia-Olmedo F., 1996. Two
cold-inducible genes encoding lipid transfer protein LTP4 from
barley show
differential responses to bacterial pathogens. Mol. Gen Genet. 252: 162-168.
[PubMed]
Molina A, García-Olmedo F., 1997. Enhanced tolerance to bacterial pathogens
caused by transgenic expression of barley lipid transfer protein LTP2. Plant
J. 12: 669-675. [PubMed]
Moreno M., Segura A., García-Olmedo F., 1994. Pseudothionin-PTH1, a
potato
peptide active against potato pathogens. Eur. J. Biochem. 223: 135-139.
[PubMed]
O'Donnell J.P., Truesdale M.R., Calvert C., Dorans A., Roberts M.R., Bowles
D.J., 1998. A novel tomato gene that rapidly responds to wound- and
pathogen-related signals. Plant J. 14: 137-142
Segura A., Moreno M., Madueno F., Molina A., Garcia-Olmedo F., 1999.
Snakin-1, a peptide from potato that is active against plant pathogens. Mol.
Plant-Microbe Interact. 12: 16-23 [PubMed]
Solano R., Ecker J.R., 1998. Ethylene gas: perception, signaling and
response. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 1: 393-398 [PubMed]
Tam J.P., Yi-An L., Jin-Long Y., Koiu-Wei C., 1999. An unusual structural
motif of antimicrobial peptides containing end-to-end macrocycle and
cystine-knot disulfides. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96: 8913-8918. [ Free
Full text in PMC]
Terras F.R.G., Eggermont K., Kovaleva V., Raikhel N.V., Osborn R.W., Kester
A., Rees S.B., Vanderleyden J., Cammue B.P.A., Broekaert W.F., 1995. Small
cysteine-rich antifungal proteins from
radish: their role in host defense.
Plant Cell 7: 573-588. [ Free Full text in PMC]
Thomma B.P.H.J., Eggermont K., Pennicckx I.A.M.A., Mauch-Mani B., Vogelsang
R., Cammue B.P.A, Broekaert W.F., 1998. Separate jasmonate-dependent and
salicylate-dependent defense-response pathways in Arabidopsis are essential
for resistance to distinct microbial pathogens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
95: 15107-15111 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Thomma B.P.H.J., Eggermont K., Tierens K.F.M.J., Broekaert W.F., 1999.
Requirement of functional ethylene-insensitive 2 gene for efficient
resistance of Arabidopsis to infection by
Botrytis cinerea. Plant Physiol.
121: 1093-1101. [Free Full text in PMC]
Titarenko E., Lopez-Solanilla E., García-Olmedo F., Rodriguez-Palenzuela P.,
1997. Mutants of Ralstonia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum sensitive to
antimicrobial peptides are altered in their lipopolysaccharide structure and
are avirulent in tobacco. J. Bacteriol. 179: 6699-6704. [ Free Full text in
PMC]
Wada M., Kato H., Malik K., Sriprasertsak P., Ichinose Y., Shiraishi T.,
Yamada T., 1995. A supprescin from a phytopathogenic fungus deactivates
transcription of a plant defense gene encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.
J. Mol. Biol. 249: 513-519. [PubMed][Full Text]
Walker-Simmons M., Ryan C.A., 1984. Proteinase inhibitor synthesis in
tomato
leaves. Plant Physiol. 76: 787-790.
Díaz J., ten Have A., van Kan J.A., 2002. The Role of Ethylene and Wound
Signaling in Resistance of Tomato to
Botrytis cinerea. Plant Physiol.
129(3): 1341-1351.
Hayashi K., Schoonbeek H.J., De Waard M.A., 2002. Bcmfs1, a Novel Major
Facilitator Superfamily Transporter from Botrytis cinerea, Provides
Tolerance towards the Natural Toxic Compounds Camptothecin and Cercosporin
and towards Fungicides. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(10): 4996-5004.
Doss R.P., 1999. Composition and Enzymatic Activity of the Extracellular
Matrix Secreted by Germlings of Botrytis cinerea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
65(2): 404-408.
Audenaert K., De Meyer G.B., Höfte M.M., 2002. Abscisic Acid Determines
Basal Susceptibility of Tomato to
Botrytis cinerea and Suppresses Salicylic
Acid-Dependent Signaling Mechanisms. Plant Physiol. 128(2): 491-501.
Cristescu S.M., De Martinis D., te Lintel Hekkert S., Parker D.H., Harren
F.J., 2002. Ethylene Production by Botrytis cinerea In Vitro and in
Tomatoes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(11): 5342-5350.
Wubben J.P., Mulder W., ten Have A., van Kan J.A,. Visser J., 1999. Cloning
and Partial Characterization of Endopolygalacturonase Genes from
Botrytis
cinerea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65(4): 1596-1602.
Zimmerli L., Métraux J.P., Mauch-Mani B., 2001. ß-Aminobutyric Acid-Induced
Protection of Arabidopsis against the Necrotrophic Fungus
Botrytis cinerea.
Plant Physiol. 126(2): 517-523.
Thomma B.P, Eggermont K., Tierens K.F., Broekaert W.F., 1999. Requirement of
Functional Ethylene-Insensitive 2 Gene for Efficient Resistance of
Arabidopsis to Infection by
Botrytis cinerea. Plant Physiol. 121(4):
1093-1101.
Kennedy R., Wakeham A.J., Byrne K.G., Meyer U.M., Dewey F.M.. 2000.
A New
Method To Monitor Airborne Inoculum of the Fungal Plant Pathogens
Mycosphaerella brassicicola and
Botrytis cinerea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
66(7): 2996-3003.
Doss R.P., Potter S.W., Soeldner A.H., Christian J.K., Fukunaga L.E., 1995.
Adhesion of germlings of Botrytis cinerea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61(1):
260-265.
Slawecki R.A., Ryan E.P., Young D.H., 2002. Novel Fungitoxicity Assays for
Inhibition of Germination-Associated Adhesion of Botrytis cinerea and
Puccinia recondita Spores. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(2): 597-601.
Diolez A., Marches F., Fortini D., Brygoo Y., 1995. Boty, a
long-terminal-repeat retroelement in the phytopathogenic fungus
Botrytis
cinerea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61(1): 103-108.
Hermosa M.R., Grondona I., Iturriaga E.A., Diaz-Minguez J.M., Castro C.,
Monte E., Garcia-Acha I., 2000. Molecular Characterization and
Identification of Biocontrol Isolates of Trichoderma spp. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol. 66(5): 1890-1898.
López-García B., Pérez-Payá E., Marcos J.F., 2002. Identification of Novel
Hexapeptides Bioactive against Phytopathogenic Fungi through Screening of a
Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Library. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(5):
2453-2460.
Lorito M., Woo S.L., Fernandez I.G., Colucci G., Harman G.E., Pintor-Toro
J.A., Filippone E., Muccifora S., Lawrence C.B., Zoina A., Tuzun S., Scala
F., 1998. Genes from mycoparasitic fungi as a source for improving plant
resistance to fungal pathogens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 95(14):
7860-7865.
Does M.P., Houterman P.M., Dekker H.L., Cornelissen B.J., 1999. Processing,
Targeting, and Antifungal Activity of Stinging Nettle Agglutinin in
Transgenic Tobacco. Plant Physiol. 120(2): 421-432.
Mach R.L., Peterbauer C.K., Payer K., Jaksits S., Woo S.L., Zeilinger S.,
Kullnig C.M., Lorito M., Kubicek C.P., 1999. Expression of Two Major
Chitinase Genes of Trichoderma atroviride (T. harzianum P1) Is Triggered by
Different Regulatory Signals. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65(5): 1858-1863.
Barbeau, G., Carré, J.P., Jourjon, F. & Maite, C., 1996. Cinétique de
développement de Botrytis cinerea, agent de la pourriture noble dans
différents terroirs des Coteaux du Layon. In: Proc 1er Colloque
International "Les terroirs Viticoles", Angers, 17 - 18 July 1996, pp 388 -
393.
Bekesi, P., 1979. The effect of the pollen of some weed species on
germination of conidia of Botrytis cinerea. Acta Phytopathol. Acad.
Scientiarum Hungaricae 14: 379-382.
Bekesi, P., 1982. New inoculation method for infecting
sunflowers by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Acta Phytopathol. Acad. Scientiarum Hungaricae 17:
221-224.
Chou, M.C. and T.F. Preece, 1968. The effect of pollen grains on infections
caused by Botrytis cinerea Fr. Ann. Appl. Biol. 62: 11-22.
Dillard, H.R. and J.E. Hunter, 1986. Association of common ragweed with
Sclerotinia rot of
cabbage in New York State. Plant Dis. 70: 26-28.
Fokkema, N.J., 1971. The effect of pollen in the phyllosphere of rye on
colonization by saprophytic fungi and on infection by Helminthosporium
sativum and other leaf pathogens. Netherl. J. Plant Pathol. 77 Supplement
No. 1, 60 pp.
Gossen, B.D., L.M. Harrison, J. Holley and S.R. Smith, 1996. Survey of
blossom blight of alfalfa on the Canadian Prairies in 1995. Can. Plant Dis.
Surv. 76: 123-125.
Gossen, B.D., Z. Lan, L.M. Harrison, J. Holley and S.R. Smith, 1997. Survey
of blossom blight of alfalfa on the Canadian Prairies in 1996. Can. Plant
Dis. Surv. 77: 88-89.
Hartill, W.F.T., 1975. Germination of
Botrytis and Sclerotinia spores in the
presence of pollen on tobacco leaves. N.Z. J. Agric. Res. 18: 405-407.
Huang, H.C. and E.G. Kokko, 1985. Infection of
alfalfa pollen by
Verticillium albo-atrum. Phytopathology 75: 859-865.
Jarvis, W.R. and H. Borecka, 1968. The susceptibility of
strawberry flowers
to infection by Botrytis cinerea. Hortic. Res. 8: 147-154.
Huang, H.C., E.G. Kokko, and R.S. Erickson, 1997. Infection of
alfalfa
pollen by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Phytoparasitica 25: 17-24.
Ogawa, J.M. and H. English, 1960.
Blossom blight and green fruit rot of
almond, apricot and plum caused by
Botrytis cinerea. Plant Dis. Reptr. 44:
265-268.
Stelfox, D., J.R. Williams, U. Soehngen, and R.C. Topping, 1978.
Transport of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores by rapeseed pollen in
Alberta. Plant Dis. Rep. 62: 576-579.
Yamakawa, T., 1984. The effect of pollen on the infection of fruit
vegetables with conidia of Botrytis cinerea. Proc. Kansas Plant Prot. Soc.
26: 1-8.
Barnett, H.L. and V.G. Lilly, 1962. A destructive mycoparasite,
Gliocladium
roseum. Mycologia 54: 72-77.
Bélanger, R.R., N. Dufour, J. Caron, and N. Benhamou, 1995. Chronological
events associated with the antagonistic properties of Trichoderma harzianum
against Botrytis cinerea: indirect evidence for sequential role of
antibiosis and parasitism. Bio. Sci. Tech. 5: 41-53.
Elad, Y., I. Chet, P. Boyle, and Y. Henis, 1983. Parasitism of
Trichoderma
spp. on Rhizoctonia solani and
Sclerotium rolfsii-scanning electron
microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Phytopathology 73: 85-88.
Gossen, B.D. and G. Platford, 1999.
Blossom blight in alfalfa seed fields in
Saskatchewan and Manitoba 1998. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 79: 94-95.
Gossen, B.D., L.M. Harrison, J. Holley, and S.R. Smith. 1996. Survey of
blossom blight of alfalfa on the Canadian Prairies in 1995. Can. Plant Dis.
Surv. 76: 123-125.
Huang, H.C., S.N. Acharya, and R.S. Erickson, 2000. Etiology of
alfalfa blossom blight caused by
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and
Botrytis cinerea. Plant Pathol. Bull. (Taiwan) 9: 11-16.
Huang, H.C., E.G. Kokko, and R.S. Erickson, 1999.
Infection of alfalfa pollen by
Botrytis cinerea. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 40: 101-106.
Huang, H.C., E.G. Kokko, and J.W. Huang, 1998. Epidemiological significance
of pollen in fungal diseases. Recent Res. Dev. Plant Pathol. 2: 91-109.
Huang, H.C. and E.G. Kokko, 1988. Penetration of hyphae of
Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum by Coniothyrium minitans without the formation of appressoria.
J. Phytopathol. 123: 133-139.
Huang, H.C. 1978. Gliocladium catenulatum: hypopaprasite of
Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum and Fusarium species. Can. J. Bot. 56: 2243-2246.
Köhl, J., M. Gerlagh., B.H. De Haas, and M.C. Krijger, 1998.
Biological
control of Botrytis cinerea in
cyclamen with Ulocladium atrum
and
Gliocladium roseum under commercial growing conditions. Phytopathology 88:
568-575.
McClellan, W.D. and W.B. Hewitt, 1973.
Early Botrytis
rot of grapes: Time of
infection and latency of Botrytis cinerea Pers. in
Vitis vinifera.
Phytopathology 63: 1151-1157.
Pachenari, A. and N.J. Dix, 1980. Production of toxins and wall degrading
enzymes by Gliocladium roseum. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 74: 561-566.
Pugh, G.J.F. and J.H. Van Eden, 1969. Cellulose-decomposing fungi in polder
soils and their possible influence on pathogenic fungi. Neth. J. Plant
Pathol. 75: 287-295.
Richard, J.L., C. Grosclaude, and N. Ale-Agha, 1974.
Antangonism between
Eutypa armeniacae and Gliocladium roseum. Plant Dis. Reptr. 58: 983-984.
Schroers, H. J., G.J. Samuels, K.A. Seifert, and W. Gams, 1999.
Classification of the mycoparasite Gliocladium roseum in Clonostachys as G.
rosea, its relationship to Bionectria ochroleuca, and notes on other
Gliocladium-like fungi. Mycologia 91: 365-385.
Spurr, A.R. 1969. A low-viscosity epoxy embedding medium for electron
microscopy. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 26: 31-43.
Sutton, J.C., D.W. Li, G. Peng, H. Yu, P.G. Zhang, and R.M.
Valdebenito-Sanhueza, 1997. Gliocladium roseum: a versatile adversary of
Botrytis cinerea in crops. Plant Dis. 81: 316-328.
Walker, J.A. and R.B. Maude, 1975. Natural occurrence and growth of
Gliocladium roseum on the mycelium and sclerotia of
Botrytis allii. Trans.
Br. Mycol. Soc. 65: 335-338.
Yu, H. and J.C. Sutton, 1997. Morphological development and interactions of
Gliocladium roseum and Botrytis cinerea in
raspberry. Can. J. Plant Pathol.
19: 237-246.
Birkenmeier G.F., Ryan C.A., 1998. Wound signaling in tomato
plants,
evidence that ABA is not a primary signal for defense gene activation. Plant
Physiol 117: 687-693 [ Free Full text in PMC]
Bothe H., Klingner A., Kaldorf M., Schmitz O., Esch H., Hundeshagen B.,
Kernebeck H., 1994. Biochemical approaches to the study of plant-fungal
interactions in arbuscular mycorrhiza. Experientia 50: 919-925
Brading P.A., Hammond-Kosack K.E., Parr A., Jones J.D.G., 2000.
Salicylic
acid is not required for Cf-2 and Cf-9-dependent resistance of
tomato to
Cladosporium fulvum. Plant J. 23: 305-318 [PubMed][Full Text]
Crocoll C., Kettner J., Dörffling K., 1991. Abscisic acid in saprophytic and
parasitic species of fungi. Phytochemistry 30: 1059-1060.
De Meyer G., Audenaert K., Höfte M., 1999.
P. aeruginosa 7NSK2-induced
systemic resistance in tobacco depends on in planta salicylic acid
accumulation but is not associated with PR1a gene-expression. Eur. J. Plant
Pathol. 105: 513-517.
De Meyer G., Capieau K., Audenaert K., Buchala A., Métraux J-P., Höfte M.,
1999. Nanogram amounts of salicylic acid produced by the rhizobacterium
P.
aeruginosa 7NSK2 activate the systemic acquired resistance pathway in
bean.
Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 12: 450-458. [PubMed]
Dörffling K., Petersen W., Sprecher E., Urbasch I., Hanssen H.P., 1984.
Abscisic acid in phytopathogenic fungi of the genera Botrytis, Ceratocystis,
Fusarium, and Rhizoctonia. Z. Naturforsch C. 39: 683-684.
Edwards R., Kessmann H., 1992. Isoflavonoid phytoalexins and their
biosynthetic enzymes. In Gurr S., McPherson M., Bowles D., eds,
Molecular
Plant Pathology: A Practical Approach Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp
45-62.
Elad Y., 1990. Production of ethylene by tissues of tomato, pepper, French
bean and cucumber in response to infection by
Botrytis cinerea. Physiol.
Mol. Plant Pathol. 36: 277-287.
El Kazzaz M.K., Sommer N.F., Fortlage R.J., 1983. Effect of different
atmospheres on postharvest decay and quality of fresh strawberries.
Phytopathology 73: 282-285.
Faretra F., Pollastro S., 1991. Genetic bases of resistance to benzimidazole
anddicarboximide fungicides in Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea).
Mycol. Res. 8: 943-951.
Friedrich L., Lawton K., Dietrich R., Willits M., Cade R., Ryals J., 2001.
NIM1 overexpression in Arabidopsis potentiates plant disease resistance and
results in enhanced effectiveness of fungicides. Mol. Plant-Microbe
Interact. 14: 1114-1124. [PubMed]
Giraudat J., Parcy F., Bertauche N., Gosti F., Leung J., Morris P-C.,
Bouvier-Durand M., Vartanian N., 1994. Current advances in abscisic acid
action and signaling. Plant Mol. Biol. 26: 1557-1577. [PubMed]
Hammond-Kosack K.E., Jones J.D.G., 1996. Resistance gene-dependent plant
defense responses. Plant Cell 8: 1773-1791. [ Free Full text in PMC]
Henfling J.W.D.M., Bostock R., Kuc J., 1980. Effects of abscisic acid on
rishitin and lubimin accumulation and resistance to Phythopthora infestans
and Cladosporium cucumerinum in
potato tuber tissue slices. Phytopathology
70: 1074-1078.
Herde O., Peña-Cortés H., Wasternack C., Willmitzer L., Fisahn J., 1999.
Electric signaling and Pin2 gene expression on different abiotic stimuli
depend on a distinct threshold level of endogenous abscisic acid in several
abscisic acid-deficient tomato mutants. Plant Physiol. 119: 213-218. [ Free
Full text in PMC]
Kettner J., Dörffling K., 1995. Biosynthesis and metabolism of abscisic acid
in tomato leaves infected with
Botrytis cinerea. Planta 196: 627-634.
Lund S., Stall R.E., Klee H.J., 1998. Ethylene regulates the susceptible
response to pathogen infection in tomato. Plant Cell 10: 371-382. [ Free
Full text in PMC]
Mauch-Mani B., Slusarenko A., 1996. Production of salicylic acid precursors
is a major function of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in the resistance of
Arabidopsis to Peronospora parasitica. Plant Cell 8: 203-212. [ Free Full
text in PMC]
McDonald K.L., Cahill D.M., 1999. Influence of abscisic acid and the
abscisic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, norflurazon, on interactions between
Phytophthora sojae and soybean
(Glycine max). Eur. J. Plant Path. 105:
651-658.
Salinas J., Schot C.P., 1987. Morphological and physiological aspects of
B.
cinerea. Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen,
Rijksuniversiteit Gent 52: 771-776.
Steadman J.R., Sequeira L., 1970. Abscisic acid in
tobacco plants: tentative
identification and its relation to stunting induced by Pseudomonas
solanacearum. Plant Physiol. 45: 691-697.
Taylor I. B., Burbidge A., Thompson A. J., 2000. Control of abscisic acid
biosynthesis. J. Exp. Bot. 62: 1563-1574.
Van Den Heuvel J., 1981. Effect of inoculum composition on infection of
French bean leaves by conidia of
Botrytis cinerea. Neth. J. Phytopathol. 87:
55-64.
Von Tiedemann A.V., 1997. Evidence for a primary role of active oxygen
species in induction of host cell death during infection of
bean leaves with
Botrytis cinerea. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 50: 151-166. [PubMed]
Walton D.C., 1980. Biochemistry and physiology of abscisic acid. Annu. Rev.
Plant Physiol. 31: 453-489.
Ward E.W.B., Cahill D.M., Bhattacharyya M., 1989. Abscisic acid suppression
of phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and mRNA, and resistance of
soybeans
to Phytophthora megasperma
f. sp. glycinea. Plant Physiol. 91: 23-27.
Grau, C.R. and H.L. Bissonette, 1974.
Whetzelinia stem rot of
soybean in
Minnesota. Plant Dis. Rep. 58:693-695.
Kim, H.S., G.L. Hartman, J.B. Manandhar, G.L. Graef, J.R. Steadman and B.W.
Diers, 2000. Reaction of soybean cultivars to
Sclerotinia stem rot
in field,
greenhouse, and laboratory evaluations. Crop Science 40:665-669.
Petzoldt, R. and M.H. Dickson, 1996. Straw test for resistance to
white mold in beans. Ann. Rep. Bean Improv. Coop. 39:142-143.
del Rio, L.E., N.C. Kurtzweil, and C.R. Grau, 2000. Petiole inoculation as a
tool to screen soybean germplasm for resistance to
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Phytopathology (in press as a supplement).
Hunter, J.E., M.H. Dickson and J.A. Cigna, 1981.
Limited term inoculation: a
method to screen bean plants for partial resistance to
white mold. Plant
Dis. 65:414-417.
Cline, M.N., and B.J. Jacobsen, 1983. Methods for evaluating
soybean
cultivars for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Plant Dis. 67:784-786.
Pennypacker, B.W., and O.E. Hatley, 1995. Greenhouse technique for detection
of physiological resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in
soybean.
Phytopathology 85:1178. Supplement.
Hunter, J.E., M.H. Dickson, M.A. Boettger and J.A. Cigna, 1982.
Evaluation
of plant introductions of Phaseolus spp. for resistance to
white mold. Plant
Dis. 66:320-322.
Boland, G.J. and R. Hall, 1986. Growthroom evaluation of
soybean cultivars
for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 66:559-564.
Wegulo, S.N., X.B. Yang and C.A. Martinson, 1998.
Soybean cultivar responses
to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in field and controlled environment studies.
Plant Dis. 82:1264-1270.
Chun, D., L.B. Kao, J.L. Lockwood and T.G. Isleib, 1987. Laboratory and
field assessment of resistance in soybean to
stem rot caused by Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum. Plant dis. 71:811-815.
Miklas, P.N., K.F. Grafton and B.D. Nelson, 1992. Screening for partial
physiological resistance to white mold in
dry bean using excised stems. J.
Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 117:321-327.
Leone, G. and A.E.G. Tonneijck, 1990. A rapid procedure for screening the
resistance of bean cultivars
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to
Botrytis cinerea and
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Euphytica 48:87-90.
Steadman, J.R., K. Powers and B. Higgins, 1997. Screening common
bean for
white mold resistance using detached leaves. Ann. Rep. Bean Improv. Coop.
40:140-141.
Tu, J.C., 1985. Tolerance of
white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to
white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) associated with tolerance to oxalic acid.
Physiological Plant Pathology 26: 111-117.
Miklas, P.N., K.F. Grafton, G.A Secor and P.E. McClean, 1992.
Use of
pathogen filtrate to differentiate physiological resistance of
dry bean to
white mold disease. Crop Sci. 32: 310-312.
Kolkman, J.M., and J.D. Kelly, 2000. An indirect test using oxalate to
determine physiological resistance to white mold in
common bean. Crop Sci.
40: 281-285.
Hall, R. and L.G. Phillips, 1996. Evaluation of parameters to assess
resistance of white bean to
white mold. Ann. Rep. Bean Improv. Coop.
39: 306-307.
Chetelat, R.T., Stamova, L., 1999. Tolerance to
Botrytis cinerea. Acta
Horticulturae 487:313-316.
Egashira, H., Kuwashima, A., Ishiguro, H., Fukushima, K., Kaya, T.,
Imanishi, S., 2000. Screening of wild accessions resistant to
gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) in
Lycopersicon. Acta Physiologiae plantarum
22: 324-326.
Moreau, P., Thoquet, P., Laterrot, H., Moretti, A., Olivier, J., Grimsley,
N.H., 1997. A locus, ltm, controlling the development of intumescences, is
present on chromosome 7. TGC Report 47: 15-16.
Nicot P.C., Baille A., 1996. Integrated control of
Botrytis cinerea on
greenhouse tomatoes. In: C.E. Morris, P.C. Nicot and C. Nguyen Thé (eds.).
Aerial Plant Surface Microbiology. Plenum Publisher New York, ISBN
0-306-45382-7. pp 169- 189.
Nicot P.C., Pellier A.L., Moretti A., Caranta C., Rousselle P., 2000.
Resistance of tomato to Botrytis cinerea. 12th. International Botrytis
Symposium, Reims, 2000/07/03-08. University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne,
Reims, France Abstract .P77.
Ferguson, W., and A. Padula, 1994. Economic effects of banning methyl
bromide for soil Resources aid Technology Division. Economic Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Agricultural Economic Report, Number 677. Urbasch, 1. 1984.
Production of
C6-wound gases; by plants and the effect on some Phytopathogenic fungi. Z
Naturforsch. 39c:1003-1007.
Alleweldt, G., 1987. The contribution of
grape-vine breeding to integrated
pest control. In 'Integrated pest control in viniculture: proceedings of a
meeting of the EC expert's group', R. Cavalloro, ed. A. A. Balkema.
Rotterdam.
Braun, H.L., 1992. Host plant resistance of
Pelargonium to Botrytis cinerea.
M.S. Thesis. Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. Buck, G.J.
1973a. 'Waltztime' geranium. HortScience 8:421.
Cline, M.N., 1987. Prevent
Botrytis blight on
geraniums. Greenhouse Grower.
Feb. 1987:88-91.
Hammer, P.E., 1992. Mechanisms of resistance to infection by Botrytis
cinerea in rose flowers. PhD Thesis. Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA.
Hausbeck. M.K., 1990. The epidemiology of
Botrytis cinerea Pers. on the
geranium (Pelargonium xhortorum L. H. Bailey). PhD Thesis. Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, PA.
Laemmlen, F.F. and K.C. Sink, 1978. Evaluation of
petunia cultivars for
Botrytis resistance. Plant Disease Reporter 62: 361-365.
Magie, R.O., 1948. Gladiolus
Botrytis control. Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. Ann.
Rept. 130.
Mansfield, J.W., 1980. The biology of
Botrytis. In 'The Biology of
Botrytis', J.R. Coley Smith, K. Verhoeff and W.R. Jarvis, eds. pp. 181-218.
Academic Press, London.
Maude, R.B., 1980. Disease control. In 'The Biology of Botrytis', J.R.
Coley-Smith, K. Verhoeff, and W.R. Jarvis, eds. pp 275-308. Academic Press,
London.
McWhorter, F.P., 1939. Botrytis
blight of Antirrhinum related to trichome
disposition. Phytopathology 29: 651-652.
Metzler, J.T., 1975. Differences in the distribution and nature of tannin
containing vactioles in the leaf tissue of Pelargonium xhortorum varieties
resistant or susceptible to Botrytis cinerea. Research paper for HORT 444.
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Moorman, G.W., 1988. Technique for cycling fungicide-resistant
Botrytis
cinerea populations on geraniums. Phytopathology 78: 1531 (abstr.).
Northover, J. and J.A. Matizoni. 1986. Resistance of
Botrytis cinerea to
benomyl and iprodione in vineyards and greenhouses after exposure to the
fungicides alone or mixed with captan. Plant Disease 70: 398-402.
Smith, D. and A. Onions, 1983. Preservation and Maintenance of Living Fungi.
pp 11-14. C.M.I. Page Brothers Ltd., Norwich.
Vali, R.J., 1991. Comparative fitness and influence of selected fungicide
regimes on dicarboximide-resistant and sensitive strains of
Botrytis cinerea
Pers. MS Thesis. Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Vance, C, J. Anderson and R. Sherwood, 1980. Lignin disease resistance. Ann.
Rev. Phytopath. 18:259- 288.
Chase, A.R., 1990. Control of some
bacterial diseases of ornamentals
with Agribrom Proc. of the Fla. State Hort. Soc. 103: (in Press)
Nishijima, W., 1990. Chemical control. pp. 39-40 In. Proceedings of the
Third Anthurium Blight Conference. A. Alvarez, editor.
Powell, C.C. and S. Ashley Smith, 1989. The use of Agribrom on
Cyclamen. Ohio Florists' Assn. Bull. No. 716. pp- 1-3.
Cline, M.N. and D. Neely, 1983. The histology and histochemistry of
the wound-healing process in geranium cuttings. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.
108: 496-502.
Hausbeck, M.K. and S.P. Pennypacker, 1991. Influence of grower activity
and disease incidence on concentrations of airborne conidia of
Botrytis
cinerea among geranium stock plants. Plant Disease. 775: 798-802.
Phillips, D.J., D.A. Margosan, B.E. and Mackey, 1987.
Size, nuclear
number, and aggressiveness of Botrytis cinerea spores produced on media of
varied glucose concentrations. Phytopathology. 77:1606-1608.
Arcioni, S, M. Pezzotti and F. Damiani, 1987. In vitro selection of
alfalfa plants resistant to
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
medicaginis. Theor.
Appl. Genet. 74 : 700-705.
Behnke, M., 1979. Selection of
potato callus for resistance to culture
filtrate of Phytophthora infestans and regeneration of resistant plant.
Theor. Appl. Genet. 55 : 69-71.
Binarova, P., J. Nedelnik, M. Fellner and B. Nedbalkova, 1990. Selection for
resistance to filtrate of Fusarium spp. in embryonic cell suspension cell
suspension culture of Medicago sativa L. Plant Cell, Tissue and organ
Culture 22 : 191-196.
Ling, D. H., P. Vidhyasehsaran, E. S. Borromeo, F. J. Zapata and T. W. Mew,
1985. In vitro screening of rice germplasm for resistance to
brown spot
disease using phytotoxin. Theor. Appl. Genet. 71: 133-135.
Bruck, R.I., Fry, W.E. and Apple, A.E., 1980. Effect of metalaxyl, an
acylanine fungicide on developmental stages of Phytophthora infestans.
Phytopathology 70: 597-601.
Leroux, P, Chabane, K., and Bompeix, G., 1993. Selection and
characterization of Phytophthora parasitica mutants with ultraviolet-induced
resistance to dimethomorph or metalaxyl. Pesticide Science 39: 325-329.
Nuninger, C., Steden, C., and Staub, T., 1995. The contribution of
metalaxyl-based fungicide mixtures to potato
late blight control. Pages
122-129 in: Phytophthora infestans 150. L.J. Dowley, E. Bannon, L.R. Cooke,
T. Keane, and E. O´Sullivan, eds.. European Association for Potato
Research-Pathology Section Conference. Dublin, Ireland, September 1995.
Boole Press Ltd.
Nuninger, C., Watson, G., Leadbitter, N., and Ellgehausen, H. 1996. CGA
329351: Introduction of the enantiomeric form of the fungicide metalaxyl.
Pages 30-35 in: Ciba’s Contribution. Paper presented at the Brighton Crop
Protection Conference- Pest and Diseases, 1996. Ciba-Geigy Ltd. Basle,
Switzerland.
Davidse, L.C., Looijen, D., Turkensteen, L.J., and van der. Wal, D., 1981.
Ocurrence of metalaxyl-resistant strains of Phytophthora infestans in
Dutch
potato fields. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 87:65-68.
Dowley, L.J., Cooke, L.R., and O´Sullivan, E., 1995. Development and
monitoring of an anti-resistance strategy for phenylamide use against
Phytophthora infestans. in:
Phytophthora infestans 150. L.J. Dowley, E.
Bannon, L.R. Cooke, T. Keane, E. O’ Sullivan, eds. European Association for
Potato Research-Pathology Section Conference, Dublin, Ireland, September
1995. Boole Press Ltd.
Dowley, L.J., and O’ Sullivan, E., 1981. Metalaxyl-resistant strain of
Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in Ireland. Potato Research
24: 417-421.
Evenhuis, A., Schepers, H.T.A.M., Bus, C.B., and Stegeman, W., 1996. Synergy
of cymoxanil and mancozeb when used to control potato
late blight. Potato
Research 39: 551-559.
Fry, W.E., Goodwin, S.B., Dyer, A.T., Matuszak, J.M., Drenth, A., Tooley,
P.W. Sujkowski, L.S., Koh, Y.J., Cohen, B.A., Spielman, L.J., Deahl, K.L.,
Inglis, D.A., and Sandlan, K.P., 1993. Historical and recent migrations of
Phytophthora infestans: chronology, pathways, and implications. Plant
Disease 77: 653-661.
Guo, Z., Miyoshi, H, Komoyoji, T., Haga, T., and Fujita, T., 1990.
Uncoupling activity of a newly developed fungicide, Fluazinam. Biochemica et
Biophysica Acta 1056: 89-92.
ISK- Biotech. 1990. Bravo, Daconil 12787. Broad spectrum fungicide. ISK-
Biotech Corporation. Ohio, USA.
Papavizas, G.C., O´Neill, N.R., and Lewis, J.A., 1978. Fungistatic activity
of propyl - N-(alpha-dimethylaminopropyl) carbamate on Pythium spp. and its
reversal by sterols. Phytopathology 68: 1667-1671.
Samoucha, Y. and Cohen, Y., 1989. Field control of
potato late blight by
synergistic fungicidal mixtures. Plant Dis. 73: 751-753.
Samoucha, Y. and Cohen, Y., 1990. Toxicity of propamocarb to the
late blight fungus on potato.
Phytoparasitica 18 (1): 27-40.
Schwinn, FJ., and Margot, P,. 1991. Control with chemicals. Pages 225-265
in: Phytophthora infestans, the cause of
late blight of potato. Advances in
Plant Pathology. D.S. Ingram and P.H. Williams, eds. Academic Press, London.
Trujillo, A., Navia, O. y Fernández-Northcote, E.N., 1997. Integration of
resistance and chemical control for late blight. Use of a resistance
activator. Página 254 en: Libro de Resumenes, IX Congreso Latinoamericano de
Fitopatología. Octubre 12-17, 1997, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Wade, M., and Delp, C.J., 1985. Aims and activities of industry´s fungicide
resistance action committee (FRAC). EPPO Bulletin 15: 577-583.
Williams, R.J., Gisi, U., 1992. Monitoring pathogen sensitivity to
phenylamide fungicides: Principles and interpretation. EPPO Bulletin 22:
297-322.
Ziogas, B.N., Davidse, L.C., 1987. Studies on the mechanism of action of
cymoxanil in Phytophthora infestans. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 29: 89-96.
Abney, T. S., Melgar, J. C., Richards, T.L., Scott, D. H., Grogan, J., and
Young, J., 1997. New races of Phytophthora sojae with Rps1-d virulence. Plant
Dis. 81:653-655.
Pratt, P. W. and Wrather, J. A., 1998.
Soybean disease loss estimates for
the Southern United States, 1994 to 1996. Plant Dis. 82: 114-116.
Schmitthenner, A. F., 1985. Problems and progress in control of
Phytophthora root rot
of soybean. Plant Dis. 69:362-368.
Schmitthenner, A. F., Hobe, M. and Bhat, R. G., 1994.
Phytophthora sojae
races in Ohio over a 10-year interval. Plant Dis. 78:269-276.
Schmitthenner, A. F. and Bhat, R. G., 1994. Useful Methods for Studying
Phytophthora in the Laboratory. Ohio Agricultural Research and Development
Center. Special Circular 143. 10 pp.
Tooley, P. W. and Grau, C. R., 1982. Races of
Phytophthora megasperma
f. sp. glycinea in Wisconsin. Plant Dis. 66:472-475.
Wrather, J. A., Anderson, T. R., Arsyad, D.M., Gai, J., Ploper, L. D.,
Porta-Puglia, A., Ram, H.H. and Yorinori, J.T., 1997.
Soybean disease loss
estimates for the top 10 soybean producing countries in 1994. Plant Dis.
81: 107-110.
Yang, X. B., Ruff, R. L., Meng, X. Q. and Workneh, F., 1996. Races of
Phytophthora sojae in Iowa
soybean fields. Plant Dis. 80: 1418-1420.
Allen E.A., Hazen B.E., Hoch H.C., Kwon Y., Leinhos M.E., Staples R.C.,
Stumpf M.A., Terhune B.T., 1991. Appressorium formation in response to
topographical signals by 27 rust species. Phytopathology 81: 323-331.
Carlile M.J., 1983. Motility, taxis, and tropism in
Phytophthora. In D.C.
Erwin, S. Bartnicki-Garcia, P.H. Tsao, eds, Phytophthora: Its Biology,
Taxonomy, Ecology, and Pathology. American Phytopathological Society Press,
St. Paul, MN, pp. 95–-107
Coley-Smith J.R., 1990. White rot disease of
Allium: problems of
soil-borne diseases in microcosm. Plant Pathol. 39: 214-222.
Dharmatilake A.J., Bauer W.D., 1992. Chemotaxis of
Rhizobium meliloti towards nodulation gene-inducing compounds from
alfalfa roots. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 58: 1153-1158.
Donaldson S.P., Deacon J.W., 1992. Role of calcium in adhesion and
germination of zoospore cysts of Pythium: a model to explain infection of
host plants. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138: 2051-2059.
Duniway J.M., 1976. Movement of zoospores of Phytophthora cryptogea in soils
of various textures and matric potentials. Phytopathology 66: 877-882.
Duniway J.M., 1983. Role of physical factors in the development of
Phytophthora diseases. In D.C. Erwin, S. Bartnicki-Garcia, P.H. Tsao, eds,
Phytophthora: Its Biology, Taxonomy, Ecology, and Pathology. American
Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, pp. 175-187
Fisher R.F., Long S.R., 1992. Rhizobium-plant signal exchange. Nature 357:
655--659. [PubMed][Full Text]
Förster H., Tyler B.M., Coffey M.D., 1994.
Phytophthora sojae races have
arisen by clonal evolution and by rare outcrosses. Mol. Plant Microbe
Interact. 7: 780-791.
Griffith J.M., Iser J.R., Grant B.R., 1988. Calcium control of
differentiation of Phytophthora palmivora. Arch Microbiol. 149: 565-571.
Hardham A., Gubler F., 1990. Polarity of attachment of zoospores of a root
pathogen and prealignment of the emerging germ tube. Cell Biol. Int. Rep.
14: 947-955.
Hawes M.C., Smith L.Y., 1989. Requirement for chemotaxis in pathogenicity of
Agrobacterium tumefaciens on roots of soil-grown
pea plants. J. Bacteriol.
71: 5668-5671.
Horio T., Kawabata Y., Takayama T., Tahara S., Kawabata Y., Fukushi Y.,
Nishimura H., Mizutani J., 1992. A potent attractant of zoospores of
Aphanomyces cochlioides isolated from its host,
Spinacia oleracea.
Experientia 48: 410-414.
Jones S.W., Donaldson S.P., Deacon J.W., 1991. Behaviour of zoospores and
zoospore cysts in relation to root infection by Pythium aphanidermatum. New
Phytol. 117: 289-301.
Manavathu E.K., Thomas D.S., 1985. Chemotropism of
Achlya ambisexualis to
methionine and methionyl compounds. J. Gen. Microbiol. 131: 751-756.
Morris P.F., Savard M.E., Ward E.W.B., 1991. Identification and accumulation
of isoflavonoids and isoflavone glucosides in soybean leaves and hypocotyls
in resistance responses to Phytophthora megasperma
f. sp. glycinea.
Physiol.
Mol. Plant Pathol. 39: 229-234.
Morris P.F., Ward E.W.B., 1992. Chemoattraction of zoospores of the
soybean
pathogen Phytophthora sojae by isoflavones. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 40:
17-22
Musgrave A., Ero L., Scheffer R., Oehlers E., 1977. Chemotropism of
Achlya
bisexualis germ hyphae to casein hydrolysate and amino acids. J. Gen.
Microbiol. 101: 65-70.
Podila G.K., 1993. Chemical signals from avocado
surface wax trigger
germination and appressorium formation in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.
Plant Physiol. 103: 267-272. [ Free Full text in PMC]
Read N.D., Kellock L.J., Knight H., Trewavas A.J., 1992. Contact sensing
during infection by fungal pathogens. In Callow J.A., Green J.R., eds,
Perspectives in Plant Cell Recognition. Cambridge University Press, London,
pp 137-172
Reid B., Morris B.M., Gow N.A.R., 1995. Calcium-dependent, genus specific,
autoaggregation of zoospores of phytopathogenic fungi. Exp. Mycol. 19:
202-213.
Rivera-Vargas L.I., Schmitthenner A.F., Graham T.L., 1993.
Soybean flavonoid
effects on and metabolism by Phytophthora sojae. Phytochemistry 32: 851-857.
Ruan Y., Kotriaiah V., Straney D.C., 1995. Flavonoids stimulate spore
germination in Fusarium solani pathogenic on legumes in a manner sensitive
to inhibitors of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact.
8: 929-938.
Sekizaki H., Yokosawa R., Chinen C., Adachi H., Yamane Y., 1993. Studies on
zoospore attracting activity. II. Synthesis of isoflavones and their
attracting activity to Aphanomyces euteiches zoospores. Biol. Pharm Bull.
16: 698-701. [PubMed]
Stössel P., Lazarovits G., Ward E.W.B., 1980. Penetration and growth of
compatible and incompatible races of Phytophthora
megasperma var.
sojae in
soybean hypocotyl tissues differing in age. Can. J. Bot. 58: 2594-2601.
Tyler B.M., Wu M.H., Wang J.M., Cheung W., Morris P.F., 1996. Chemotactic
preferences and strain variation in the response of Phytophthora sojae
zoospores to host isoflavones. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62: 2811-2817.
Vedenyalpina E.G., Safir G.R., Niemira B.A., Chase T.E., 1993. Low
concentrations of the isoflavone genistein influence in vitro asexual
reproduction and growth of Phytophthora sojae. Phytopathology 86: 144-148.
Ward E.W.B., Cahill D.M., Bhattacharyya M.K., 1989. Early cytological
differences between compatible and incompatible interactions of
soybeans
with Phytophthora megasperma
f. sp. glycinea. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 34:
267-273.
Zentmyer G.A., 1961. Chemotaxis of zoospores for root exudates. Science 133:
1595-1596.
Caruso, F. L. and W. F. Wilcox, 1990.
Phytophthora cinnamomi as a cause
of root rot and dieback of
cranberry in Massachusetts. Plant Disease.
74:664-667.
Drilias, M. J. and S. N. Jeffers, 1990. Detection of
Phytophthora species in
cranberry field soils. Phytopathology. 80: 1025.
Jeffers, S. N., 1988. Phytophthora
Species Associated with a Cranberry
Decline Syndrome in Wisconsin. Phytopathology. 78: 1572.
Johnson, K. B., 1987. Defoliation, disease and growth: A reply.
Phytopathology. 77: 1495-1497.
Kocon, L., 1996. Drought increases
Phytophthora root rot. Cranberries:7&27.
Oudemans, P. V., 1999. Phytophthora species associated with
cranberry root
rot and surface irrigation water in New Jersey. Plant Disease. 83: 251-258.
Sandler, H. A., L. W. Timmer, J. H. Graham and Z. S.E., 1989. Effect of
fungicide applications on populations of Phytophthora parasitica on feeder
rootdensities and fruit yields of citrus trees. Plant Disease. 73: 902-906.
Von Broembsen, S., 1984. Distribution of
Phytophthora cinnamomi in rivers of
the south-western cape province. Phytophylactica. 16: 227-229.
Zentmyer, G. A., 1980. Phytophthora cinnamomi and the diseases it causes.
Monograph NO. 10. The American Phytopathological Society.
Chase, A. R., 1995. Resistance of vinca cultivars to
Phytophthora aerial
blight in greenhouse and field trials, 1994. Biol. Cult. Tests 10: 72.
Wick, R. L. and P. Haviland, 1994. Evaluation of fungicides for
Phytophthora blight
and stem rot of vinca, 1993. Fung. & Nem. Tests 49: 375.
Kuske, C. R. and D. M. Benson, 1983. Survival and splash dispersal of
Phytophthora parasitica causing
dieback of Rhododendron. Phytopathology
73: 1188-1191.
Dubey, T. and W. R. Stevenson, 1996. Factors affecting the movement and
viability of sporangia of Phytophthora infestans in soil. Phytopathology 86:
(11, supplement), S61 (Abstr.).
Dubey, T., R. V. James and W. R. Stevenson, 1997. Effect of fungicide on
viability of Phytophthora infestans sporangia in soil. Phytopathology 87:S26
(Abstr.). Publication number. P-1997-0181-AMA.
Lacey, J., 1967. The role of water in the spread of Phytophthora infestans
in the potato crop. Ann. Appl. Biol. 59: 245-255.
Lapwood, D. H., 1967. Factors affecting the field infection of
potato tubers
of different cultivars by blight
(P. infestans). Ann. Appl. Biol. 85: 23-42.
Sato, N., 1979. Effect of soil temperature on the field infection of
potato
tubers by P. infestans. Phytopathology 69: 989-993.
Murashige, T. and F. Skoog, 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and
bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plantarum 15: 473-497.
Zilberstaine, M and Y. Pinkas, 1987. Detached root inoculation - A new
method to evaluate resistance to Phytophthora root rot. Phytopathology
77: 841-844.
Benson, D.M. 1991. Detection of
Phytophthora cinnamomi in
azalea with commercial serological assay kits. Plant Disease
75:478-482.
Bu sayfada toplam 580 kaynak
bulunmaktadır. |
|